欢迎来到记忆方法网-免费提供各种记忆力训练学习方法!

高二上学期第三次月考英语试卷

编辑: 路逍遥 关键词: 高二 来源: 记忆方法网

【导语】高二一年,强人将浮出水面,鸟人将沉入海底。高二重点解决三个问题:一,吃透课本;二,找寻适合自己的学习方法;三,总结自己考试技巧,形成习惯。为了帮助你的学习更上一层楼,逍遥右脑为你准备了《高二上学期第三次月考英语试卷》希望可以帮到你!

  *部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分65分)

  *节:单项填空(共35小题,每题1分,满分35分)

  1.Itis___reminderthatweneedtocareabout_____worldwelivein,_____onewithnecessityforlifeandlife.

  A.a;a;/B.a;the;theC./;the;/D.a;the;/

  2.Themanwith____shouldersstaredatmewith____eyes.

  A.broad,greatB.wide,largeC.wide,broadD.broad,wide

  3.Youmaynotagree,but____Ithinksheisaverygoodgirl

  A.personallyB.trulyC.generallyD.cnmonly

  4.Theystayedupverylatelastnight.Nowtheyarestillasleep.Don’t____them.

  A.breakB.disturbC.knockD.interrupt

  5.Theswimmingpoolisused_____allthechildrenintheneighborhood.

  A.incommonB.incommonbyC.incommonwithD.incommonof

  6.Theprogresshehasmadeinmathsismuchgreaterthan_____inEnglish.

  A.theoneB.thatC.hehasD.it

  7.Wehavebeentoldthatundernocircumstances_____thetelephoneintheofficeforpersonalaffairs.

  A.mayweuseB.wecoulduseC.wemayuseD.didweuse

  8.Thepolicemansignedforthedriverto_____andthencheckedhisdrivinglicense.

  A.setasideB.breakdownC.stopoverD.pullover

  9.Themostexcitingthingforhimwas______hefinallyfoundtwotinnedfruitsin______seemedtohimtobeaservant'sbedroom.

  A.that;whatB.what;whichC.that;thatD.what;where

  10.Thelittleboyisn’tgettingonwellinmathsandworsestill,heisevenunwillingtogotoschool.Withherson_____,shefeelsvery______.

  A.disappointing;worryingB.disappointing;worried

  C.disappointed;worriedD.disappointed;worrying

  11.WhenIturnedtotheperson_____nexttome,Irecognizedthathewasmyschoolmate.

  A.seatingB.seatedC.sitD.sat

  12.TheShaolinTemple_____1400yearsagohasbecomeatouristattraction.

  A.datesbacktoB.datingbackC.datesfromD.datingfrom

  13.Hewasgladtolearn____wasamongthenamesadmittedtotheuniversity.

  A.itB.thatC.heD.his

  14.---Wheredidthemurderhappen?

  ---Itwasinthehouse_____mygrandmotherusedtolive.

  A.thatB.whereC.whichD.inwhich

  15.Iwas_______inthemiddleofthecall,forIhadnocoinstoputintothebox.

  A.hungupB.calledoffC.cutoffD.cneoff

  16.Hesatthere,silentanddepressed,withhiseyes____ontheceiling.

  A.fixingB.beingfixedC.fixedD.tobefixed

  17---Musttheyhandintheircompositionstomorrow?

  ---No,they______handtheminthisafternoon.

  A.aregoingtoB.aretoC.needn’tD.can’t

  18.Thatdaywasamostexcitingmomentforthefootballfans,____forthefirsttime,theirfootballteamwontheWorldCup.

  A.whenB.whichC.whileD.ontheday

  19.?What’sthematterwithyourfinger?

  ?I______inthedoorjustnow.

  A.gotittocatchB.gotitcaughtC.gotitcatchingD.gottocatchit

  20.It’sreportedthataplanewithfivepeople______crashedintothemountainseveraldaysago.

  A.onboardB.ontheboardC.inboardD.intheboard

  21.Itwas10o’clock____thebigfirebrokeout,______5peoplelosttheirlives.

  A.that,whichB.when,whichC.that,whereD.when,where

  22.Theprofessortriedhisbesttomakehislectureeasy________.

  A.understoodB.tounderstandC.understandingD.tobeunderstood

  23.Althoughthereweremanypeopleinthesquare,Icould____myoldfriend.

  A.pickupB.makeupC.pickoutD.leaveout

  24.---DoesBilldohisnewjobwell?

  ---______hisoldjob.I’mafraidthere’snohopeforhim.

  A.NotbetterthanB.NotdowellasC.NobetterthanD.Notaswellas

  25.---Doyoureallywanttogoout?

  ---Itmayrain.____Ishallgoout.Idon’tmindtherain.

  A.AnywayB.OtherwiseC.NowthatD.Orelse

  26.---Marylookssad.Didyoutellheraboutthebadnews?

  ---Yes,butI______herlater.

  A.shouldhavetoldB.shouldn’thavetold

  C.musthavetoldD.needn’thavetold

  27.---Whatlies______themountains?

  ---Abeautifulfreshlake.

  A.overB.acrossC.beyondD.through

  28.--HasMr.Robee______?

  --Itwilltakeaperiodoftwoweeksafterhisoperation.

  A.recoveredB.uncoveredC.discoveredD.restored

  29.Allthepartsoftheproductsrequiretestingagainbeforetheyare_______.

  A.forsaleB.onsaleC.soldoutD.tosale

  30.Onceyouareinanewculture,youneedto_____yourselfforatime,beforeyou______it

  A.fit;getusedtoB.suit;usedtoC.adjust;getusedtoD.correct;usedto

  31.--It’simpossiblethatJoneswillpassthedrivingtest.

  --Butshewishshe______.

  A.doesB.wouldC.shouldD.will

  32.----CanIlookatthemenuforamoreminutesbeforeIdecide?

  ---Ofcourse.________Sir.

  A.MakeyourselfathomeB.Enjoyyourself

  C.Itdoesn’tmatter.D.Takeyourtime

  33.He_______upearlysincehischildhood.

  A.usedtogetB.isusedtoget

  C.hasbeenusedtogetD.hasbeenusedtogetting

  34.Seeingthehappy________ofchildrenplayinginthepark,I’mfullofjoyandconfidenceinthefutureofourcountry.

  A.sightB.sceneC.viewD.sign?

  35.---Whichofthetwoshirtswouldyouliketotake?

  --__________.There’snotmuchdifferencebetweenthem.

  A.AnyoneB.EitherC.BothD.None

  第二节:完形填空(共20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)

  阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个*佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

  Itwasautumn.Athinwhitemoonroseoverthevalley.Peter,11yearsold,didnotseeit.Hedidnotfeelthecoolwind36hisface,forhisthoughts_37__onaredandblack38onthetable,whichwasa39fromhisfathertohisgrandfather.TheysaidthatGrandpawas40.

  Peterhad41believedFatherwouldsendGrandpaaway.Now,therewasthethingFatherhadbought42verymorning.ThiswasthelasteveningheandGrandpawouldhavewitheachother.Afterwashingthe43dishes,theoldmantookuptheblanket.“Whata44doubleblanket!I’llnotfeelcoldwithit,”saidtheoldman,45itoverhisknees.

  “Oh,yes!”Petersaidandtriedto46backthetearsinhiseyes.

  Justthen47cametwopeople,Fatherandthegirlhewasto48.ThegirlwentuptoGrandpaandsaidPrettily,“I’llnotbe49youinthemorning,soIcameovertosaygood-bye.”

  “It’sniceofyou,”saidGrandpa.“Willyoulookatthis?Isn’titafineblanketmysonhasgivenmetogoawaywith?”

  “Yes,really,”shesaid,Shefeltitandsaid50,“Adoubleone!Itmusthavecostmuch..Hedoesn’tneedadoubleone.”

  “Sheis51,Father,”theboysaid,“Here,Father.”Heheldouta52ofscissors(剪刀).“Cuttheblanketinto53.Asingleoneisenoughforanoldman.We’ll54theotherhalf.

  “Whatdoyou55bythat?”askedFather.

  “I’llgiveittoyouwhenyouareoldandI’msendingyouaway.”saidtheboyslowly.

  36.A.beatingB.blowingC.hittingD.brushing

  37.A.cameB.wentC.werefixedD.weretaken

  38.A.blanketB.cupC.dishD.jar

  39.A.debtB.giftC.letterD.will

  40.A.dyingB.gladC.goingawayD.married

  41.A.infactB.notreallyC.notsimplyD.obviously

  42.A.inB.itC.onD.that

  43.A.breakfastB.cleanC.lunchD.supper

  44.A.badB.dirtyC.fineD.old

  45.A.smoothingB.holdingC.cleaningD.putting

  46.A.cneB.getC.keepD.take

  47.A.inB.outC.outofD.outside

  48.A.loveB.helpC.knowD.marry

  49.A.seeingB.missingC.forgettingD.thinking

  50.A.anxiouslyB.coldlyC.quietlyD.warmly

  51.A.cleverB.lyingC.rightD.wrong

  52.A.bitB.kindC.pairD.piece

  53.A.oneB.piecesC.halfD.two

  54.A.spareB.keepC.sellD.use

  55.A.meanB.sayC.showD.think

  第二部分:阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)

  阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出*佳选项。

  A

  PhysicistStephenHawkingmovedtohearthospital

  World-renownedBritishphysicistStephenHawking,authorofsciencebest-sellerABriefHistoryofTime,hasbeentransferredtoaspecialistheartandlunghospitalduetotheeffectsofpneumonia(肺炎),thehospitalsaidonTuesday.

  MrHawking,62,whoiswheelchair-boundduetothemotorneurone(运动神经元病)diseasehehassufferedformorethan40years,wasmovedtoPapworthHospitalinCambridge,easternEngland,fromageneralhospitalalsoinhishome.

  "He'sstableandwasbroughtinyesterday[Monday]morning,"saidaspokeswomanforPapworth,acentreofexcellenceincardiactreatment.

  CambridgeUniversity,whereMrHawkingisamathematicsprofessor,wasunabletosaywhyhehadbeenmovedbutsaidhehadinitially(*初)gonetohospital"inrelationtothepneumoniahewasbeingtreatedforinDecemberandJanuary".

  BritishpolicearecurrentlyinvestigatingclaimsmadebynurseslookingafterMrHawkingwhosaythathehadbeenphysicallyabused(*)byhiswife,Elaine.

  Lastmonththephysicistissuedastatementsayinghe"firmlyandwholeheartedly"rejectedtherumors,describingmediareportsofsupposedassaults(攻击)byhiswifeas"completelyfalse".BriefHistory,whichsoldmorethan10millioncopies,madeMrHawkingamillionaireandoneofthemostfamousscientistsontheplanet.

  WhenMrHawkingwasdiagnosedwithmotorneuronediseasewhilestillauniversityundergraduate,hislifeexpectancywasputataroundtwoyears,andheisoneofthelongest-survivingsufferersofthecondition.

  Despitehisillnessandhisneedtospeakthroughanelectronicvoicebox,MrHawkinghascontinuedtotourtheworld,givingsciencelectures.

  56.Fromthepassagewecansee___________.

  A.Hawkinghasmovedtoanewhospitaltotreathispneumonia

  B.Hawkinghasmovedtoanewhospitaltotreathislong-suffereddisease

  C.Hawkinghasmovedtoanewhospitaltoavoidassaults.

  D.Hawkinghasmovedtoanewhospitaltogivelectures.

  57.Itseemsthat_________________.

  A.Hawkinghasnotgoodrelationwithhiswife.

  B.Hawkingwillrecoverhisspeech.

  C.Hawkingisateacher.

  D.ThefirsthospitalwillnotbeabletocureHawking’sdisease.

  58.Thewriterwritesthispassagemainlyto___________.

  A.telloftheseriousnessofHawking’sdisease.

  B.tellofthefamilylifeofHawking.

  C.tellofthepresentconditionofHawking.

  D.Hawking’swealthcomesfromthebook“Abriefhistoryoftime”.

  59._____hasmadeHawkingamillionaire.

  A.thebook“Abriefhistoryoftime”B.hislectures

  C.HisteachingpositionD.Hiswife

  B

  TheFourTreasures

  Inthe5thor6thcenturyJapanadoptedtheChinesewritingsystem.ItisofnosurprisethenthattheJapanese,beingtheindustriouspeoplethattheyare,adoptedthemethodsandideologyoftheChinesewritingsystemaswell.AsproofoftheJapanesesinglemindednesstheyhavestucktothisrigidstyleofwritingforthepast1500years.

  TheChinesebeliefthatthatgovernmenthasitsfoundationinwritingdedicatedgreatimportancetotheFourTreasuresofWriting:brush,ink,inkstone,andpaper.UponcopyingtheChinesebureaucratic(官僚政治的)systemofgovernmenttheJapanesealsoadoptedtheChineseideaoftheFourTreasures.OnecantracethisbacktoJapan'searliestrecordsfromthe8thcenturywherethebrush,ink,inkstoneandpaperappearasobjectsofadoration.

  60.Itwasin________thatJapanbegantofollowChinainwriting.

  A.1500A.D.B.500-600A.D.C.Before5thA.DD.5thor6thB.C.

  61.ThefourtreasuresforChinais_______________.

  A.brush,ink,inkstoneandpaper

  B.beliefs,socialsystems,writingsystemsandideology

  C.brush,writingsystems,inkstoneandpaper

  C.brush,ideology,inkandpaper.

  62.TheJapaneseadoptedChinesewritingsystembecause_______.

  A.theyareindustriouspeople.

  B.theyhavesinglemindedness.

  C.theyadmiredChinesewritingsystem

  D.theylivedclosetoChina.

  63.TheJapaneseadoptedthoseofChinain_____ways.

  A.fourB.threeC.twoD.five

  C

  GettingintotheCity

  FromJohnF.KennedyInternationalAirport

  Queens:(718)244-4444

  Distancetomidtown:15miles

  Timetomidtown:50-60minutes

  Hoursofoperation:24

  Traveler’sAid:(718)656-4870

  MTA-

  NewYorkCityTransitAuthority

  130LivingstonSt.,Brooklyn11201;(718)330-1234,www.mta.info.BusesfromtheairportconnectwithsubwaystopsinQueensandBrooklyn:afreeshuttlegoesfromJFKterminalstotheAline;theQ3busgoestotheFline;andtheB15goestothe3line.Also,theQ10,operatedbyGreenBusLines(718995-4700),connectstotheE,F,J,andZlines.Bus/subwayfareis$1.5,paidinexactchange,withatoken,orwithaMetroCard.

  Readercard#67.Adonp.43.

  NewYorkAirportService

  (718)875—8200,www.nyairportservice.cn.Operatesbusshuttleevery20—30minutestoNYC’sPennStation,PortAuthority,andGrandCentralTerminal($13)andtoManhattanhotelsbetween33rdand57thSts.($15).Readercard#230.Adonp.25.

  SuperShuttle

  52—1511thSt.,LongIslandCity,Queens11101;(212)209—7000,(800)258—3826,www.supershuttle.cn.Door—to—doortransportation,24hours,365days.Lookforthebluevan.Readercard#123.Adonp.39.

  64.IfyouwanttoknowmoreabouttheMetroCard,youcan.

  A.visitwww.nyairportservice.cn.

  B.telephone(212)209—7000or(800)258—3826

  C.readtheadonpage43ofthebook

  D.visitwww.supershuttle.cn

  65.WhatdoyouknowaboutNewYorkCitysubwaylinesfromthereading?

  A.Theysupplydoortodoortransportation.

  B.Theyaredirectlyconnectedwiththeairport.

  C.Theyrun24hours,365days,markedwithcolors.

  D.Theyaremarkedwitheithernumbersorletters.

  66.SupposeyouwanttogettoaManhattanhotelin23rdStreetfromtheairport,you’dbetter.

  A.takeabusshuttleB.takeabusbyGreenBusLine

  C.takeSuperShuttleD.takeasubway

  D

  Itisnotalwayseasytounderstandinventionsandnewdevelopmentsinscience.Tounderstandfiberoptics(光纤),however,youcantryanexperiment.

  Putadroportwoofmilkintotheglassofwater.Turnoffthelights.Shinethelightfromyourflashlight(手电筒)throughthetopoftheglassatanangle(角度)ofabout45degrees.Putapieceofwhitepaperagainsttheglasswhenthebeam(光束)oflightisshining.Movethepapersoyoucanseewherethebeamiscomingoutoftheglass.Youshouldseeaspotoflight.Someofthelighthaspassedthroughthewaterandthroughtheglass.Youseeitonthepaper.Youalsoseeanotherbeamgoingdownintotheglass.Itisbeingreflecteddownintotheglass.

  Nextmovetheflashlightsothatthebeamiscomingstraighterdown(30degrees)intothewater.Youwillseethesamephenomenon:someofthelightisreflectedbackintotheglass.Andsomeescapesout.Nowmovethebeamoflightfromtheflashlightslowlyupuntilyoucannotseeanylightescaping.Thispointiscalledthe“pointoftotalinternalreflection.”Thewordinternalmeans“inside.”Allthelightisstayinginsidetheglass.Thereisnobeamshowingabrightspotonthewhitepaper.Allthelightenergyisinsidetheglass.

  Theglassofmilkywaterislikeastrand(线)ofglass.Afiberoptictubeisabundleoflongthinstrandsofglass,reallymanytubes.However,theprinciple(原理)isthesame:atacertainangle,allthelightenergythatgoesintotheglassfibercomesouttheotherend.

  Lightisenergy.Soundisenergy.Radiowavesandelectricityarebothenergy.Theycanallbechangedintolight,andaslighttheycanalltravelalongaglassfiber.Lighttravelsattherateof186,000milespersecond.Therefore,amessagecantravelthatfastinaglassfiber.Thisistheprinciple,orlawofnature,thatmakesfiberopticswork.

  67.Whichfigureshowsthelaststepoftheexperiment?

  68.Thepurposeoftheexperimentistotellus________.

  A.howfastlighttravelsB.howfiberopticsworks

  C.howlighttravelsinaglassofwaterD.howfiberopticshelpsmankind

  69.Intheexperiment,makesthebiggestdifference.

  A.theangelatwhichtoshinethelightfromtheflashlight

  B.theamountofwaterintheglassofmilk

  C.thenumberofdropsofmilktopourintotheglassofwater

  D.thesizeoftheholethroughwhichtoshinelightfromtheflashlight

  70.Thelaststepistoprove.

  A.nobeamisshownonthewhitepaper

  B.nolightcanbenoticedinsidetheglass

  C.noreflectioncanbeseen

  D.noenergyiswasted

  71.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?

  A.ExperimentofLightTravelB.PrinciplesofFiberOptics

  C.CommunicationonFiberOpticsD.TheoryofLightTravel

  E

  Theorangutan(猩猩)isoneofthefourremainingkindsofman-likeapes(类人猿)leftintheworldtoday.OrangutansarefoundonlyontheislandsofBomeoandSumatra.Theyaregrowingfewer.Thereisadangerthattheymaydieout.

  Untilthetimebetweenthewars,feworangutanswerekeptinzoos.

  Littlewasknownaboutthem.Aspeoplecametoknowtheirgentleandinterestingways,theybecamemorepopular.Everyzoowantedtohavesomeofthem,butthenumberoforangutansintheworldwassmall.

  Afterthelastwar,thenativesfoundtheywouldmakealotofmoneybycatchingandsellingyoungorangutans.Fully-grownandhalf-grownorangutansweremuchtoostrongtobetaken.Theonlyknownwayofcatchingtheyoungwastoshoottheparentsfirst.Thismeantthatorangutanswerelosttowildlifeforeveryonecaught.Italsomeantthatfewerorangutanswereborn.Oncecaughttheyoungweresobadlylookedafterthatatleasthalfofthemdied.Theywereusuallysoldtosomeonewhoknewlittleaboutlookingafterthem.

  72.Exceptorangutans,howmanykindsofman-likeapseareleftintheworld?

  A.One.B.TwoC.ThreeD.Four

  73.BeforetheSecondWorldWar,________.

  A.peopleknewlittleaboutorangutans

  B.peopleknewtheymightdisappear

  C.manyorangutanswerekeptinzoos

  D.thenumberofthemweresmall

  74.Whatmakespeoplesurethatorangutansmaydieout?

  A.Theyarefoundmorepopularinthezoos.

  B.TheycanlivenowhereexceptBorneoandSumatra.

  C.Theycometobelovedbypeople.

  D.Sellingandcatchingthemarethequickestmeanstobecomerich.

  75.Theynativesonlycaughttheyoungorangutansbecause______.

  A.theywerewelllookedafter

  B.theycouldeasilyfitinwiththenewplaces

  C.theywerelightandeasilytakenway

  D.theycouldbelosttowildlifeandtamed

  76.Thecatchoftheyoungorangutansledto______.

  A.fewerbornbabiesB.thedeathoftheirparents

  C.thepoorcareandmoredeathoftheyoungD.alloftheabove

  F

  Whenaninventionismade,theinventorhasthreepossiblecoursesofactionopentohim:hecangivetheinventiontotheworldbypublishingit,keeptheideasecret,orpatentit.

  Agranted(批准的)patentistheresultofabargainstruckbetweenaninventorandthestate,bywhichtheinventorgetsalimitedperiodofmonopoly(垄断)andpublishesfulldetailsofhisinventiontothepublicafterthatperiodends.

  Onlyinthemostexceptionalcircumstances(情况)isthelifespanofapatentextendedtoalter(改变)thisnormalprocessofevents.ThelongestextensionevergrantedwastoGeorgesValensi;his1939patentforcolorTVreceivercircuitrywasextendeduntil1971becauseformostofthepatent'snormallifetherewasnocolourTVtoreceiveandthusnohopeofrewardfortheinvention.

  Becauseapatentremainspermanentlypublicafterithasended,theshelvesofthelibraryattachedtothepatentofficecontaindetailsofliterallymillionsofideasthatarefreeforanyonetouseand,ifolderthanhalfacentury,sometimesevenre-patent.Indeed,patentexpertsoftenadviseanyonewishingtoavoidthehighcostofconductingasearchthroughlivepatentsthattheonesurewayofavoidingviolationofanyotherinventor'srightistostealadeadpatent.

  Likewise,becausepublicationofanideainanyotherformpermanentlyinvalidates(使无效)furtherpatentsonthatidea,itistraditionallysafetotakeideasfromotherareasofprint.Muchmoderntechnologicaladvanceisbasedonthesepresumptions(假定)oflegalsecurity.

  Anyonecloselyinvolvedinpatentsandinventionssoonlearnsthatmost"new"ideasare,infact,asoldasthehills.Itistheirreductiontocommercialpractice,eitherthroughnecessityordedication,orthroughtheavailabilityofnewtechnology,thatmakesnewsandmoney.Thebasicpatentforthetheoryofmagneticrecordingdatesbackto1886.Manyoftheoriginalideasbehind

  televisionoriginatefromthelate19thandearly20thcentury.EventheVolkswagenrear(后面)enginecarwasanticipated(预见)bya1904patentforacartwiththehorseattherear.

  77.Thepassageismainlyabout_________

  A.anapproachtopatentsB.theapplicationforpatents

  C.theuseofpatentsD.theaccesstopatents

  78.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

  A.Whenapatentbecomesoutofeffect,itcanbere-patentedorextendedifnecessary.

  B.Itisnecessaryforaninventortoapplyforapatentbeforehemakeshisinventionpublic.

  C.Apatentholdermustpublicizethedetailsofhisinventionwhenitslegalperiodisover.

  D.Onecangetallthedetailsofapatentedinventionfromalibraryattachedtothepatentoffice.

  79.GeorgeValensi'spatentlasteduntil1971because_________

  A.nobodywouldofferanyrewardforhispatentbeforethattime

  B.hispatentcouldnotbeputtouseforanunusuallylongtime

  C.therewerenotenoughTVstationstoprovidecolourprogrammes

  D.thecolourTVreceiverwasnotavailableuntilthattime

  80.Fromthepassagewelearnthat________

  A.aninventionwillnotbenefittheinventorunlessitisreducedtocommercialpractice.

  B.productsareactuallyinventionswhichweremadealongtimeago

  C.itismuchcheapertobuyanoldpatentthananewone

  D.patentexpertsoftenrecommendpatentstoothersbyconductingasearchthroughdeadpatents

  【导语】逍遥右脑整理《高二地理知识点:物质运动和能量交换2》,以及最全的高考备考资料,有语文、数学、英语、物理、化学、生物、政治、历史、地理、文综、理综复习学习资料,复习讲义、听力材料、作文素材,历年真题试题下载及答案解析,完备的资料库为广大考生提供全面的备考参考。





  (1)大气对太阳辐射的削弱作用:①吸收作用:具有选择性,臭氧吸收紫外线,水汽和二氧化碳吸收红外线。对可见光吸收的很少。②反射作用:云层和颗粒较大的尘埃。云层的反射作用最显著。③散射作用:空气分子或微小尘埃,使一部分太阳辐射不能到达地面。


  (2)大气对地面的保温作用:大气吸收地面辐射并产生大气逆辐射(射向地面的大气辐射),把部分热量归还给地面,云层越厚大气逆辐射越强。


  5、全球近地面有7个气压带(高低压相间分布),6个风带。


  (1)低纬度环流:


  ①赤道低压带:因为热力作用形成,气流辐合上升,易成云致雨,形成多雨带。常年受其控制形成热带雨林气候(亚马孙平原、刚果盆地、东南亚的马来群岛)


  ②副热带高压带:因为动力作用而形成,气流在30度纬度上空聚积而下沉,形成少雨带(东亚季风区除外),常年受其控制的地区形成热带沙漠气候(北非的撒哈拉水沙漠、西亚的沙漠、北美美国西部的沙漠、南美智利、秘鲁西部的沙漠、澳大利亚大沙漠)


  ③信风带:由副高吹向赤道低压的气流,在北半球右偏成东北信风,在南半球左偏成东南信风。


  (2)中纬度环流:


  ④副极地低压带:由来自低纬的暖气流与来自高纬的冷气流相遇运动上升而形成。形成温带多雨带。


  ⑤中纬西风带:由副高吹向副极地低压带的气流,在北半球右偏成西南风,在南半球左偏成西北风,习惯上叫西风,受其常年控制的地区,在大陆西岸形成温带海洋性气候。(欧洲西部、北美西部如加拿大的温哥华附近、南美南端的安第斯山西侧、澳大利亚南端及塔斯马尼亚岛、新西兰等)


  (3)高纬环流:


  ⑥极地高压带:因为热力作用而形成,冷空气下沉,形成少雨带。不过极地因为气温低,蒸发更少,所以极地属于降水量大于蒸发量的地区,为湿润地区。


  ⑦极地东风带:由极地高压带吹向副极地低压带的气流,在地转偏向力作用下,北半球右偏成东北风,南半球左偏成东南风。


  (4)气压带和风带的移动:△移动的原因:随太阳直射点的移动而动。△移动方向:就北半球而言,大致是夏季北移,冬季南移。


  (5)单一气压带或风带作用形成的气候类型:热带雨林气候(赤道低气压带)、热带沙漠气候(副热带高气压带)、温带海洋性气候(中纬西风带)。


  (6)气压带、风带移动形成的气候类型:热带草原气候(夏季受赤道低气压带控制,冬季受低纬信风带控制)、地中海气候(夏季受副热带高气压带控制,冬季受中纬西风带控制)。



本文来自:逍遥右脑记忆 /gaoer/1121573.html

相关阅读:必修四高二英语单元测试题及答案:Unit1(人教版)[1]
高二英语阶段竞赛初赛试题[1]
重庆市杨家坪中学高2015级2015-2016学年高二上学期半期考试英语
高二下学期期末考试英语试题
2014届高三英语上册第二次月考模块检测试题(附答案)