Unit4名师点津（新人教版必修三）
Ⅰ. 单项填空
1. (2008年高考湖北卷)The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly ________.
A. atmosphere B. state
C. situation D. phenomenon
解析：选A。句意：两国高层领导人之间的会谈在友好的气氛中举行。atmosphere气氛；state状态；situation处境；phenomenon现象。由句意可知A项正确。
2. —How long are you staying?
—I don’t know. ________.
A. That’s OK B. Never mind
C. It depends D. It doesn’t matter
解析：选C。从所提供的情景“你要呆多久？”“我不知道。”表明对方不确定他要呆多久，只能“看情况而定”。That’s OK. 意为“行，好吧”。Never mind. 和It doesn’t matter. 意为“不要紧，没关系。”
3. Their mother ________dinner at the kitchen when a quarrel ________among the children.
A. was preparing；was broken out
B. prepared；was broken out
C. was preparing；broke out
D. prepared；broke out
解析：选C。短语break out为不及物动词短语，不用被动语态，可先排除A、B两项。根据语境第一处用过去进行时态。句意：妈妈正在厨房做饭这时孩子们争吵起来了。
4. This kind of social phenomenon could exist only for a few months，and it will disappear ________.
A. in no time B. on the time
C. at a time D. at one time
解析：选A。考查介词短语。in no time相当于soon，“不久；很快”的意思。
5. The car burns more fuel，but ________all things into consideration，it’s still a good car.
A. taken B. having taken
C. taking D. to take
解析：选C。本题考查非谓语动词的用法。根据固定搭配take. . . into consideration“把……考虑在内”，此处用v. ing形式作状语，表示条件。
6. Press the button when the light goes on—you will soon ________it.
A. watch out for B. get the hang of
C. get rid of D. get away with
解析：选B。句意：当灯亮的时候，按这个按钮，你一会儿就会学会的。get the hang of“掌握”；watch out for“留意；小心”；get rid of“去掉；除掉”；get away with“做某事不受惩罚”。故选B。
7. The harm the modern farming methods have done ________the countryside is considerable.
A. on B. to
C. at D. for
解析：选B。do harm to sb. /sth. 为固定短语，意为“对……有害”，且“the modern farming. . . countryside”为定语从句修饰harm。故选B。
8. He didn’t make ________clear when and where the meeting would be held.
A. this B. that
C. it D. these
解析：选C。it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的“when and where”从句。
9. You’d better take something to read when you go to see the doctor ________you have to wait.
A. even if B. as if
C. in case D. in order that
解析：选C。in case 连词词组，“以防；万一”，后可跟句子，作副词时，可放在句末。
10. While in university，we were offered a number of after?school activities to ________our social skills.
A. create B. grow
C. develop D. settle
解析：选C。develop表示“发展”。句意：大学期间我们有许多课外活动来发展我们的社交技能。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
(2009年日照二模)I was on my lunch break in the city，enjoying a salad at an outdoor cafe, when a shabby homeless lady came walking towards me. She was yelling and__1__ everyone who walked past her for spare__2__and she looked like a mess. My__3__reaction was fear. . . to close off and hope she didn’t come near me, but she did. I was on the phone and when she__4__yelling, I said，“I’m on the phone，”in the nicest way I could, assuring myself what she needed was a lesson in__5__. She walked away, mumbling(自言自语)，“I’m __6__ you. I’m sorry, I’m sorry. I’ll leave. ”And she turned the corner.
__7__，I would feel relieved or satisfied, but something in me couldn’t __8__. Without another thought, I looked in my__9__for the spare change I had. Even I started searching through my entire purse, the pockets, everything—for all of the change I could__10__ find to give.
I got up and walked towards this lady and gave her all I __11__. She held my hand and said, “Thank you！”Her hand was__12__and dirty，but I didn’t mind__13__her hand. I wanted to be there for her for some reason，when normally I would__14__the other way. She looked at me and said，“Will you touch my face？”And for some reason, I did. I put my hand on her cheek and she started to __15__. I could __16__it was as if she had not been touched by a loving，soft hand in ages，__17__，and so I held it there, trying to__18__ her with my heart open. It was powerful.
She thanked me and walked away quietly. And I walked away with an open heart, trying to__19__ sense of what had just happened. It changed something in me and has made me want to be a __20__ person to the people I meet during my day.
【解题导语】 现代社会人们看不起穷人，总是尽量避开他们。本文作者通过自己的亲身经历告诉我们，穷人也有自尊，也希望被人尊重。
1. A. greeting B. praising
C. applying D. begging
解析：选D。从上句“a shabby homeless lady came walking towards me”可知，她在向路过的人讨钱。D. 乞求。A. 打招呼；B. 表扬；C. 申请。
2. A. change B. room
C. clothes D. food
解析：选A。从第二段第二句“. . . for the spare change I had”可知，她在向路人乞讨钱。
3. A. usual B. instant
C. last D. general
解析：选B。从前文可知，她看上去很邋遢，可知“我”当即的反应就是害怕。A. 往常的；B. 当即的；C. 最后的；D. 总的。故选B。
4. A. came across B. came out
C. came over D. came through
解析：选C。从上句“. . . hope she didn’t come near me, but she did. ”可知“我”在打电话她正喊着朝这边(came over)走来。
5. A. attitude B. trouble
C. practice D. manners
解析：选D。“我”在打电话，她还叫着向我讨钱，说明“我”想给她在礼貌上(manners)上一课。A. 态度；B. 麻烦；C. 惯例，练习。只有manners符合语境。
6. A. calling B. hurting
C. annoying D. abusing
解析：选C。从下文“I’m sorry，I’m sorry. I’ll leave”可知，她说：“我打搅(annoying)你了”。
7. A. Fortunately B. Normally
C. Luckily D. Unfortunately
解析：选B。根据句意可知正常的说，“我”应该感到放松，满意。A项与C项均表示幸运的是；D项表示不幸的是。
8. A. rest B. appear
C. enjoy D. exist
解析：选A。根据but可知“我”内心的某些想法使“我”久久不能平静(rest)。B. 出现；C. 喜欢；D. 存在。
9. A. car B. table
C. wallet D. seat
解析：选C。从下文“I started searching through my entire purse，. . . ”可知“我”没有考虑就到钱包(wallet)里找零钱。
10. A. necessarily B. possibly
C. deliberately D. certainly
解析：选B。“我”把身上能找到的(possibly)所有零钱都给了她。A. 必要地；C. 故意地；D. 当然。
11. A. earned B. searched
C. found D. made
解析：选C。从上文“我”找遍了身上的零钱可知“我”追上了老人把“我”所找到(found)的零钱都给了她。A、D两项均表示赚(钱)，B项表示搜身。
12. A. soft B. rough
C. large D. neat
解析：选B。从上文“She held my hand. . . ”可知“我”可以感到她的手是粗糙的(rough)，从下文dirty也可以得到暗示。
13. A. washing B. waving
C. wiping D. holding
解析：选D。but 表示转折，可知“我”并不介意她握住(holding)“我”的手。A. 洗；B. 挥手；C. 擦手。
14. A. lead B. set
C. turn D. show
解析：选C。从前文“由于某个原因我现在想和她在一起”可判断“我”本来是想走(turn)另一条路避开她的。
15. A. cry B. laugh
C. yell D. shout
解析：选A。从前文“Will you touch my face？. . . I did. ”可知老人是哭了(cry)，因为在此之前人们看到像她这样的人就避开，而“我”却满足了她的要求。
16. A. expect B. sense
C. know D. learn
解析：选B。“我”能感觉到(sense)她好像是很长时间没有被人关爱了。A. 期望；C. 知道；D. 学会。
17. A. if necessary B. if any
C. if so D. if ever
解析：选D。从上文可知她简直很少被关注。if necessary表示如果必要的话；if ever表示如果这样的话。
18. A. persuade B. comfort
C. entertain D. amuse
解析：选B。“我”握住她的手，想要安慰(comfort)她。persuade 说服；entertain 娱乐；amuse 取悦。
19. A. take B. get
C. catch D. make
解析：选D。“我”带着放松的心情走了，尽力地理解刚才发生的事情。make sense of 理解，明白。
20. A. kinder B. richer
C. wiser D. happier
解析：选A。我想成为对别人更友好(kinder)的人。
Ⅲ. 阅读理解
A
Last weekend，Emma Zeiger,10, rode her bike ten miles in the pouring rain at the first annual Newton?Needham Pan?Massachusetts Challenge(PMC)Kids Ride. Nothing, not even bad weather, could stop her from making a difference.
This June, Emma and thousands of other kids across the Northeast participated in nearly 30 PMC Kids Rides. PMC Kids Rides raise money for the Dana?Farber Cancer Institute through the Jimmy Fund. Created ten years ago by Ryan Wilkinson,17, and his sister Hattie, 15, the rides are a more kid?friendly version of the annual Pan?Massachusetts Challenge.
The Wilkinson family first got the idea to create a PMC Kids Ride in 1998 when Ryan, then 7, wanted to ride in the Pan?Massachusetts Challenge.
Ryan and Hattie’s grandmother had been diagnosed with a brain tumor(肿瘤). “We were experiencing cancer for the first time，”Ryan said, “So that was on my mind when I said I wanted to ride. ”Unfortunately, PMC participants have to be at least 15 years old to ride. Ryan was only seven. So, the Wilkinson family decided to start a children’s version of the PMC.
In just a couple of weeks, the Wilkinsons organized the Wildwood Challenge, the very first Pan?Massachusetts Challenge Kids Ride. Thirteen kids rode around a neighborhood block 25 times. They raised $1,600 for cancer research. On June 21, Ryan and Hattie will celebrate the eleventh annual Wildwood PMC Kids Ride.
Since 1998, PMC Kids Rides have grown significantly. Every year, more and more kids participate. To raise money, kids do extra chores, babysit，host car washes, and send out letters asking for donations. “Every penny counts，”Hattie Wilkinson explains. “All of the money goes to a good cause. It’s really great to be able to ride for people with cancer and to represent them and raise money for them. ”Since 1998, the Pan?Massachusetts Kids Rides have raised more than $1 million for cancer research and treatment.
【解题导语】 孩子们用自己的行动来帮助那些患有癌症的人。
1. Why did Emma ride her bike ten miles in the pouring rain?
A. She did that for her grandmother.
B. She did that for the sake of her health.
C. She did that for people with cancer.
D. She was asked to do so by her parents.
解析：选C。细节理解题。由第一段的Nothing. . . could stop her from making a difference 以及第二段的PMC Kids Rides raise money for the Dana?Farber Cancer Institute可知，Emma 在大雨中骑自行车是为了帮助那些患有癌症的人。
2. When Ryan Wilkinson started PMC Kids Rides，he was only ________.
A. seventeen years old B. fifteen years old
C. five years old D. seven years old
解析：选D。细节理解题。第二段谈到PMC Kids Rides是由Ryan Wilkinson在10年前创立的，他现在17岁，故他创立PMC Kids Rides的时候，只有7岁。
3. The idea of creating a PMC Kids Ride was inspired by ________.
A. Ryan’s sister Hattie
B. kids who suffer from cancer
C. the person who is responsible for PMC
D. Ryan’s grandmother’s diagnosis of cancer
解析：选D。细节理解题。由第三段和第四段可知，Ryan的祖母被诊断出癌症，Ryan想参加PMC，然而，要参加PMC，年龄需在15岁以上，而当时Ryan只有七岁，所以Ryan萌发了创立儿童版PMC的想法。
4. We can learn from the passage that ________.
A. the first PMC Kids Ride was held in 1999
B. besides riding the bike, kids do other things to raise money
C. PMC Kids Rides have raised more than $ 1 billion so far
D. most of the money raised was used for cancer research
解析：选B。细节判断题。由最后一段可知，为了筹钱，孩子们除了骑自行车还做其他的事情。
B
(2009年福建检测)“You’re going to the United States to live? How wonderful ! You’re really lucky！”
Does this sound familiar? Perhaps your family and friends said similar things to you when you left home. But does it seem true all the time? Is your life in this new country always wonderful and exciting? A great many facts show that it’s not easy for newcomers to adjust to life in a new culture. They have to experience culture shock.
What causes culture shock? Maybe the weather is unpleasant. Perhaps the customs are different. Perhaps the public service systems such as the telephone，post office, or transportation are difficult to figure out and you make mistakes. The simplest things seem difficult. The language may be difficult. The food may seem strange to you. If you don’t look similar to the natives, you may feel strange. You may feel as if everyone is watching you. In fact, you_are_always_watching_yourself.
Everyone experiences culture shock in some form or another. But culture shock comes as a surprise to most people. A lot of the time, the people with the worst culture shock are the people who never had any difficulties in their own countries. They were active and successful in their community (社区). They had hobbies or pastimes which they enjoyed. When they come to a new country, they do not have the same positions or hobbies as they already had in their countries. They find themselves without a role, almost without an identity. They have to build a new self?image.
Culture shock produces a feeling of disorientation (晕头转向), which may be homesickness, imagined illness, or even paranoia (妄想症). When people feel the disorientation of culture shock, they sometimes feel like staying inside all the time. They want to protect themselves from the unfamiliar environment. They want to create an escape within their room to give themselves a sense of security. This escape does solve the problem of culture shock for the short term, but it does nothing to familiarize the person more with the culture. Familiarity and experience are the long?term ways to settle the problem of culture shock.
【解题导语】 在人们看来，移居海外是件非常幸运的事情，然而由于气候、风俗、语言等方面的差异而造成的“culture shock”是件令人头痛的事情，文章向我们介绍了新移民们应该如何适应这些差异。
5. Who is the passage mainly for?
A. The family and friends of those who came to the US.
B. Those who have got rid of culture shock.
C. People who have just moved to a foreign country.
D. People who can easily adjust to their life in the US.
解析：选C。纵观全文可以看出，文章向我们介绍了来到异国他乡，应如何克服“culture shock”，适应新环境的问题，也就是说是写给那些刚移居国外的人的。
6. The underlined part“you are always watching yourself”(in Paragraph 3)means ________.
A. you are always feeling homesick
B. you are always worried too much about yourself
C. you are always looking at yourself in the mirror
D. you are always nervous about meeting other people
解析：选B。由上一句“You may feel as if everyone is watching you. ”可以看出这种感觉是因为对自己过度担心而造成的。
7. Which of the following would be a case of culture shock for newcomers?
A. They have trouble using public telephones.
B. Their positions or hobbies stay the same.
C. They are active and successful in the new community.
D. They have got used to the life in the new country.
解析：选A。细节判断题。由第三段中的“Perhaps the public service systems such as the telephone. . . ”可得出答案。
8. Which of the following may cause newcomers to lack a sense of security?
A. A new identity.
B. Local food.
C. A new self?image.
D. Strange environment.
解析：选D。细节理解题。由倒数第一段中的“They want to protect themselves from the unfamiliar environment. They want to create an escape within their room to give themselves a sense of security. ”可知答案。
9. The best way for the newcomers to overcome culture shock is ________.
A. to stay inside to protect themselves
B. to make a study of new hobbies
C. to adapt themselves to the new environment
D. to ask people for help when having difficulties
解析：选C。推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“They have to build a new self?image”及文章的最后一句话可以推出战胜“culture shock”的最好的办法就是：适应新环境，创造一个新的自我形象
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