Unit 21 What are you doing?
【学习目标】
一、语音
tr: [tr]tree train truck true
dr: [dr]drive hundred dress drink
ts/tes: [ts]kites cats its let’s
ds/des: [dz]beds birds friends kids
二、词汇
1、单词
make, homework, read, write, sleep, cook, talk, open, close, wear, Sunday, park, toy, lake, clear,
2、词组
make the bed 整理床铺
do homework 作家庭作业
look for 寻找
talk with sb. 跟某人交谈
take photos 照相
play computer game 玩电脑游戏
listen to 听…
sing a song 唱歌
三、日常用语
1.What are you doing?
I’m (I am) playing football.
2.What’s he / she doing?
He / She’s singing / writing / drawing.
3.What are they doing?
They are (They’re)running.
4.Am I playing football?
Yes, you are. / No, you aren’t.
5.Are you writing?
Yes, I am./ No, I’m not. (I am not.)
6.Is he / she / Mary reading a book?
Yes, he is./ she is. / she is. (He’s/ she’s reading.)
7.Are they cleaning the classroom?
Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.
8.??Could you come here, please?
??Certainly.
四、语法
1:现在进行时态的构成及其基本用法
2: 进一步掌握祈使句的用法
【知识点讲解】
1，The girl is reading a book.
look, see, watch, read 用法
（1）①look 表示“看、瞧”，着重指认真看，强调看的动作，表示有意识地注意看，但不一定看到，以提醒对方注意。，如：
Look! The children are playing computer games. 瞧！孩子们在玩电脑游戏。
Look! What’s that over there? 看！那边那个是什么？
② 单独使用是不及物动词，如强调看某人/物，其后接介词at，才能带宾语，如：
He’s looking at me。他正在看着我。
（2）see强调“看”的结果，着重的是look这个动作的结果，意思是“看到”，see是及物动词，后面能直接跟宾语。如：
What can you see in the picture? 你能在图上看到什么？
Look at the blackboard. What did you see on it? 看黑板！你看到了什么？
（3）watch“观看，注视”，侧重于场面，表示全神贯注地观看、观察或注视某事务的活动，强调过程，常用于“看电视、看足球、看演出”等。如：
Yesterday we watched a football match on TV. 昨天我们从电视上看了一场足球比赛。
（4）read表示“看书（报、文章）等文字性的东西。表示为弄懂其中的含义而看。如：
Lily is reading a new book. 莉莉正在看一本新书。
2，He’s putting on his clothes.
put on, wear, in 用法
put on意为“穿上，戴上”。主要指“穿上”这一动作。
Wear则意为“穿着，戴着”，强调“穿”的状态或效果。Wear除此之外还可用来表示“戴着”非服装类的其他东西。
Put on后面接表示服装、鞋帽的名词。
In 是介词，表示“穿着”强调状态。在句中可以做定语、标语和状语。
如：
She wears an old blouse today.她穿着一件旧衬衫。
She’s wearing a new skirt today. 她今天穿着一件新裙子。
The students wear school clothes. 学生们穿着校服。
It’s cold outside, put on your coat. 外面冷，穿上你的外衣。
He puts on his hat and goes out. 他戴上帽子，走了出去。
The woman in white shirt is John’s mother.穿白色衬衣的那个妇女是John的妈妈。
3， Are you making dumplings?
①make 制作，制造，用原料做成成品；make a car/bread/clothes制造小汽车/面包/衣服
Marry’s mother make the bed everyday. 玛莉的妈妈每天都整理床铺。
②make sb. do sth.使、让某人做某事
Marry’s mother make Marry do sports every morning. 玛莉的妈妈让玛莉每天早晨都锻炼身体。
③make, do都是“做”，但意义不同。
do则表示做事、工作、练习、功课、家务等。如：
Can you make a sweater? 你会织毛衣吗？
Do you know how to make a kite? 你知道怎么做风筝吗？
Don’t do it like that. 不要那样做。
He does his lessons very carefully. 他做功课很仔细。
4，She is looking for something. 她正在寻找某物。
look for, find用法
look for 意为“寻找”，而find意为“找到，发现”，前者强调“找”这一动作，并不注重“找”的结果，而后者则强调“找”的结果。例如：
She can’t find her ruler. 她找不到她的尺子啦。
Tom is looking for his watch，but he can’t find. 汤姆正在寻找他的手表，但没能找到。
5，be sleeping, be asleep用法
be sleeping 表示动作，意思是“正在睡觉”；
be asleep 表示状态，意思是“睡着了”。如：
---What are the children doing in the room?
---They are sleeping
孩子们在房间里做什么？他们正在睡觉。
The children are asleep now. 现在孩子们睡着了。
6，clean, clear用法
两者都可以做形容词。Clean 是“干净”的意思，与dirty是反义词。Clear不仅包含了clean的意思，更强调了“明净”的意思，即能透过外面看到里面或深处。如：
The water is clean. 说明水不脏，很干净。
The water is clear. 表示我们可以透过水面看到深处或水底。
注：在一些固定搭配中，如：clear sky 晴空，clear eyes 明亮的眼睛，等的clear不能被clean代替。
7．Certainly
当对某人的请求表示肯定时可用Certainly或Sure等作答，表示否定时用Certainly not或Not at all。等作答。例如：
A: Could you spare me some football tickets?
B: Sure/ Certainly. Here you are.
A:你能分给我几张球票吗？
B:当然可以。给你。
8. open/turn on
open指打开门、窗户、书、信笺等物品，反意词是close；turn on指打开电灯，水龙头开关，收音机、电视机等开关，其反意词为turn off。例：
① Open the window, please. It’s too hot today. 请打开窗户，天太热了
② Please turn on the TV. 请打开电视
【语 法】
现在进行时
现在进行时表示现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或先阶段正在进行的动作。其结构是：助动词be(am, is, are) + 动词-ing 构成，助动词am, is, are的选择要根据句中主语的人称或数来决定。为记忆方便，可利用下列口诀：我(I)用am, 你(you) 用are，is用于他(he)，她(she)，它(it)，凡是复数都用are。主语是单数名词或不可数名词时be动词用is，复数名词作主语时用are。be动词(am, is, are)在此作助动词，本身无词意，和后面实意动词的-ing形式一起构成谓语。动词 + ing在语法上叫作“动词的现在分词”。
1， 动词现在分词的构成：
PS:但动词see(看见)不能以上述方式构成现在分词，因为ee是字母组合，发[i:]，不属以上范畴。see的现在分词是seeing.
2， 现在进行时的肯定式，否定式，疑问句及其回答。
肯定句形式是：主语 + be（am, is, are） + 动词的现在分词+其他。例如：
① I’m reading English in the classroom. 我正在教室朗读英语。
② She is watching TV at her room. 她正在房间里看电视。
③ The students are playing ball games on the playground.学生们正在操场上打球。
否定句形式是：主语+be（am, is, are）+not+动词的现在分词+其他。Not可以和be动词缩写。例如：
① I’m not writing. I’m reading now. 我现在没写，我正在读书。
② They aren’t cleaning the classroom. 他们没在打扫教室。
疑问句形式是：Be（Am, As, Are）+主语+现在分词+其他？
肯定回答用Yes，主语+be。否定回答用No，主语+be动词的否定形式。例如：
① --- Are you writing a letter now?
--- Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.
--- 你在写信吗？
--- 是的，我在写。 /不，我没写。
② --- Is Lily watching TV?
---- No, she isn’t. She is doing her homework.
--- 莉莉在看电视吗？
--- 不，她没看。她在做家庭作业。
③ ---- Are the children playing football?
--- Yes, they are. /No, they aren’t.
--- 孩子们正在踢足球吗？
--- 是的，他们在踢。/不，他们没在踢。
特殊疑问句形式是:特殊疑问词+be+主语+现在分词+其他？回答时，不用Yes, 或No，须作具体回答。例如：
① --- What are they doing?
--- They are swimming.
--- 他们在做什么？
--- 他们在游泳。
② --- Where are the girls playing?
--- They are playing in the garden.
--- 女孩子们在哪儿玩呢？
--- 她们在花园里玩。
③ --- Who is he talking to?
--- He’s talking to his father.
--- 他在和谁说话？
--- 他在和他爸爸说话。
祈使句的用法
祈使句是以动词原形开头的句子，它的主语you通常省略不用。如：
Open the door, please.
祈使句有三种情况：
① Do型（以行为动词开头的），如：。
Close the door, please. 关门
Don’t close the door. 别关门
② 型（以be开头的）如：。]
Be quite, please. 请安静
Don’t be late. 别迟到
③ 型（以let开头的）如：别让他走。
Let’s go home. 我们回家吧
Don’t let him go. 别让他走！
【练习检测】
单项选择
1、 We are doing _____.
A. our homework B. our homeworks C. his homework D. her homeworks
2、 My brother is doing_______ home work now.
A. one’s B. my C. his D. her
3、 Lucy is ________ blue sweater today.
A. putting on B. wearing C. puting on D. wears
4、 Are the students_______ basketball?
A. doing B. playing C. play D. watch
5、 Don’t ________ it like this.
A. throwing B. throw C. reading D. writing
6、 I_______ the picture, but I can’t ______any birds in it.
A. look, see B. see, look C. look at, see D. see, look at
7、 There are thirty boys in their class. _______ of them is English.
A. All B. Some C. The other D. One
8、 _______ are the students doing? They are playing basketball.
A. What B. How C. Where D. Who
9、 ______ like this. Like this? Yes, that’s right
A. Do you jump B. Jump C. You jump D. To jump
10、Listen, Mary_______ in her room.
A. sing B. is singing C. sings D. songing
改错
下面各句都有一处错误，请找出并改正。
1. What are you listening? ( )
2. Could you come here, please? I want to some help. ( )
3. Look at over there. What are the Young Pioneers doing? ( )
4. Lily is wearing a blue trousers and a red blouse. ( )
5. The woman is in white is Miss Gao. ( )
阅读理解
Miss Gao: Meimei, you look worried, what's wrong?
Meimei: I can't find the twins. Can you see them?
Miss Gao: Sorry, I can't. We must find them. What are they wearing today?
Meimei: Well, Lily is wearing brown trousers and a blouse.
Miss Gao: Isn't she wearing a sweater?
Meimei: No sweater. She is wearing a red blouse.
Miss Gao: What about Lucy? Is she wearing the same clothes?
Meimei: No,she is wearing green trousers and a yellow sweater.
Miss Gao: All right! Let's go and find them.
1. Is Lily wearing blue trousers today?
No, she ________ _______ ________ trousers today.
2. What colour is Lily's blouse?
________ ________ _______.
3. Is Lily wearing a sweater today?
No. She ________ ________ ________ ________.
4. What's Lucy wearing? Is she wearing the same clothes?
No. She ________ ________ ________ clothes.
5. What colour are Lucy's clothes?
Her trousers ________ ________ and her sweater ________ ________.
答案及讲解
单项选择
1、“做某人的作业”这是一个固定短语，其中的one’s要与句子中的主语保持一致，主语是we，所以C、D两答案不行，而homework是不可数名词，无复数形式，故本题选A
2、主语my mother相当与第三人称he，所以选C.
3、wear动词“穿、戴”，强调“穿”的状态。put on动词“”穿上，强调“穿”的动作。In介词，也表示“穿、戴”，但必须与be动词一起构成谓语动词。这道题应该选B
4、play basketball打篮球为固定词组。选B
5、祈使句命令式否定句，由Don’t+动词原形表示。选B
6、look at强调过程，see强调结果。选C
7、根据谓语（表系结构）是is，此处应选One
8、What疑问代词。 从答语可看出，文具中所缺的是宾语，所以应该选A
9、祈使句，第二人称命令式，省略主语You，应选B
10、B．在由look，listen等动词表示“注意听，看”开头的句子，一般要用现在进行时态
改错
1. listen to是个固定搭配，在一般疑问句中不能省略介词to。改为What are you listening to?
2. want是及物动词，后可直接跟宾语。改为I want some help。
3. 在表示“看……”后带宾语时，要用look at；其后不带宾语时就不用介词at。改为Look over there。
4. trousers本身不能用a来修饰。改为Lily is wearing blue trousers and a red blouse。
5. in white是个介词短语，意为“穿着……的”，做定语，修饰the woman。其前不能用动词is。改为The woman in white is Miss Gao.
阅读理解
1．从“Lily is wearing brown trousers... ”可以看出，应该填：is wearing brown。
2．从“She is wearing a red blouse.”判断，应该填：It is red。
3．从“No sweater. She is wearing a red blouse.”可以看出，应该填：is wearing a blouse。
4．从“Lily is wearing brown trousers and a blouse.”和“No, she (Lucy) is wearing green trousers and a yellow sweater.”可以看出，应该填：is wearing different。
5. are green, is yellow。
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