Unit 14 Have you packed yet
直击标要求
1．语言目标
Talk about recent events
2．重点词汇
bathing suit towel water guidebook refrigerator garage suitcase chop wood light village well form member scene last major hit appear miss lead mostly air root overseas ancestor homeland search affair mainly farmer field deeply point strongly clear abroad connect local
clean out put in turn off some day be off in search of
3．关键句型
Have you packed yet?
I have already watered them.
What about your bike?
Are you ready, Tina?
I haven’t cleaned out the refrigerator yet.
I’ll do it in a minute.
Have you ever been to a concert?
Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
What else?
It’s your job to wash the dishes.
One more thing.
4．语法
现在完成时态

前学习提示
一、词汇
1． suit [sjut, sju:t] n.请求，求婚，起诉，一套衣服。它可作及物或不及物动词用，意思是“适合，中……的意，（使）配合，（使）适应，相称，彼此协调”等。
【例】 （1）The government granted the minority group’s suit for autonomy.
政府批准了这一少数民族申请自治的请求。
（2）r Li has been pressing his suit with iss Wang.
李先生一直在向王小姐求婚。
（3）John brought a suit in the local court against his boss.
约翰在地方法院告了他老板一状。
（4）r Zhang came in the classroom in a new suit.
张老师穿着一套新衣服进了教室。
（5）The time table suits me very well.
这个时间表对我很合适。
（6）She is not suited for teaching.
她不适合于。
（7）He failed to suit his action to his word.
他没有做到言行一致。
（8）His new job suits well with his abilities.
他的新工作与他的能力很相称。
2． water [′w t ] vt.& vi.浇水，浇灌；流泪，流口水。可作名词用，表示“水，水位，口水，尿”。复数表示“矿泉水，海域，水域”等。
【例】 （1）He often waters the flowers.
他经常浇花。
（2）His mouth watered at the sight of the pies.
他一看见馅饼口水就流了出。
（3）The smoke made her eyes water.
烟熏得她两眼流泪。
（4）I tried hard to keep my head above water.
我好容易才免于灭顶之灾。
（5）The battle was fought in Chinese waters.
这次海战是在中国海域进行的。
（6）She helped the baby to make water.
她把着婴儿小便。
3． wood [wud] n.作“木材、木头”解时是不可数名词；作“森林、树林”解时是可数名词，且常用复数。
【例】 （1）The students picniced in a nearby woods.
学生们在附近树林里举行野餐。
（2）The boy’s job was to collect wood while his sister’s was to feed the pigs.
这男孩的任务是打柴，他妹妹的任务是喂猪。
（3）Nowadays not much furniture is made of wood.
现在已没有多少家具是用木料做的。
4． light [lait]含义很多，既可作动词用，还可作名词或形容词和副词用，举例说明之。
【例】 （1）He lighted a cigarette. (vt.)
他点了一根香烟。
（2）Her face lit up at the news.(vi.)
她听到这消息顿时显出高兴的神色。
（3）He wrote by the light of a candle. (n.)
他在烛光下写字。
（4）It’s beginning to get light. (adj.)
天渐渐亮了。
（5）There was a light rain. (adj.)
下了一场小雨。
（6）She is light of her feet. (adj.)
她脚步轻快。
（7）The nurse treads light in the ward. (adv.)
护士在病房里走路脚步轻。
（8）I lit upon a valuable stamp. (vi.)
我偶然搞到一张珍贵邮票。
5． last [l st; la:st] adj.最后的，最近的，最后过去的，紧接前面的，仅余的，极少可能的，最终的，最新式的。可作副词和名词。还可作动词用，表示“持续，维持”。
【例】 （1）The captain was the last to leave.
船长是最后离开船的。
（2）He has been ill for the last three weeks.
这三个星期他在生病。
（3）This is our last hope.
这是我们最后的希望了。
（4）He would be the last man to say such things.
他决不会说这种话。
（5）I’m to speak last at the meeting.
我将最后一个在会上发言。
（6）They held on to the last.
他们坚持到最后。
（7）How long will the fine weather last?
好天气能持续多久？
（8）This overcoat will last me a lifetime.
这大衣够我穿一辈子。
6． appear [ ′pi ] vi.出现，看，好像。它的反义词是disappear；名词是appearance，可以表示“外表，外貌”。
【例】 （1）He didn’t appear until six.
他到六点才露面。
（2）Why does she appear so sad?
她看上去为什么那么忧愁呢？
（3）The plane disappeared in the cloud.
飞机在云层里消失。
（4）We don’t knohy he made no appearance at the office today.
我们不知道他今天为什么没到办公室。
（5）The dog is like a wolf in appearance.
这只狗看上去像只狼。
7． miss [mis] vi.错过，遗漏，想念，未达到。可作名词用，表示“小姐；失误；避免”。
【例】 （1）She overslept and missed the train.
她睡过头，误了火车。
（2）Goerge missed the point of my joke.
乔治没明白我那句笑话的意思。
（3）His mother is missing him terribly.
他母亲十分想念他。
（4）When she read that text, she missed out a few important words.
她读时漏掉了几个重要的词。
（5）He hit the target three times without a miss.
他三发三中。
（6）Yours was really a lucky miss.
你这一次真是幸免。
（7）iss argaret Green is our English teacher.
玛格丽特•格林小姐是我们的英语老师。
8． search [s :t ] vt.& vi.搜查搜索，细看，详细调查，穿过，探究。可作名词用。
【例】 （1）The professor searched a book for a passage worth quoting.
教授在一本书里查找值得引的一段话。
（2）I searched my memory but can’t recall what he said.
我拼命回忆，可想不起他说了什么。
（3）The cold wind searched the streets.
寒风吹遍街道的每个角落。
（4）It took me three days to search our an old classmate in this town.
我花了三天时间才在这镇上找到一位老同学。
（5）edical workers are trying to search into the root of SARS.
医学界正在努力探索非典的根。
（6）The old woman travelled all the way to this city in search of her long lost son.
那位老妇人大老远地到这个城市寻找失散已久的儿子。
9． clear [kli ] vt.& vi.清除，扫除；穿过，越过；为……结关，净得；消失。它可以作形容词和副词用。
【例】 （1）He cleared the pavement of withered leaves.
他清除了人行道上的落叶。
（2）The jumper cleared 2．40 metres.
这位跳高选手越过了2．40米。
（3）They cleared the ship and were ready to start the voyage.
他们为这艘船结了关，准备起航。
（4）In this deal she cleared ten thousand yuan.
在这笔交易中，她净得一万元。
（5）The children cleared out as soon as the nurse made her appearance.
老师一出现，孩子们就跑掉了。
（6）I’m sorry to have failed to make myself clear.
很抱歉，我没把自己的意思讲清楚。
（7）The students aren’t quite clear about what the teacher meant.
学生们不太清楚老师的意思。
（8）We have walked three kilometres clear.
我们已经足足步行了三公里。
二、交际用语
1．问某人做过了某事及回答
Have you packed yet?
Not yet. I’ll do it in a minute.
Have you watered the plants yet?
Yes, I’ve already done that.
No, I haven’t done it yet.
2．询问某人的喜好
What is your favorite band?
Who is your favorite band member?
三、语法
现在完成时态我们在前面的几个单元中都讲述过，所以本单元只讲现在完成时态与几个副词的关系。
1． ever, never
ever“曾经”，表示从过去到目前为止的时间，用于现在完成时态的疑问和含有最高级的从句中，否定句中常用never代替ever，在反意疑问句中，附加问句用肯定。
【例】 （1）Have you ever been to Hefei?
你曾去过合肥吗？
（2）This is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.
这是我曾看过的电影中最有趣的一部。
（3）He has never been to the Great Wall, has he?
他从未去过长城，是吗？
2． still, just
still“仍然，还”，强调过去开始的情况或动作仍在继续，指时间，强调延续；just“刚刚，刚才”，多与现在完成时连用。注意要与just now区别开，just now指过去的时间，常与过去时连用。
【例】 （1）Has your sister still lived here?
你妹妹仍然住在这儿吗？
（2）I have just finished lunch.
我刚吃过中饭。
（3）I saw her mother just no
我刚才看见了她母亲。
3． before, ago
两者都可作副词用，before表示过去时间的以前，可独立使用，泛指“以前”，可用于现在完成时态或一般过去时态。ago不能独立使用，要置于时间段的词组之后，只能用于过去时态，表示从现在算起以前的时间。但可以用在情态动词加完成时态结构中，表示现在对过去发生的事情的推测。此外与since连用，构成since…ago用于现在完成时态。
【例】 （1）She has seen the film before.
她以前看过这部电影。
（2）ary must have seen Jim a week ago.
玛丽一周前肯定见过吉姆。
（3）A lot of new things have happened since ten years ago.
自十年前以发生了很多新鲜事。
4． since, for
since“自从”，表示的是一个时间点，可用作介词，也可作连词。用作介词时，后接指时间点的名词或短语；用作连词时，后跟一个时间状语从句，但其前的谓语动词或主句的谓语动词须用现在完成时。for构成的短语在现在完成时里，表示时间的长度，后须跟“一段时间”，不可跟“时间点”。
【例】 （1）He has worked at that factory since he came to the city.
他到这城市以一直在这家工厂工作。
（2）I have studied English for three years.
我学习英语已有三年了。

点拨重点难点
1．现在完成时与几个副词的关系；延续性动词与非延续性动词和时间状语的关系。
2．本单元中出现的常用词及短语，如：water, light, last, appear, search和clean out, turn off等的用法。
3．yet与already, so far以及because of与because的用法。
4．Talk about recent events的表达方式及句型。
5．海外华人寻根的经历及感受。

拓展发散思维
发散思维分析
1． Have you packed yet?
你已经包装好了吗？
yet表示“仍然，还”多用于否定、疑问句中；still“仍然，还”多用于肯定句中；already“已经”多用于肯定句中，在疑问中常用yet替换，already用于疑问或否定句中表示惊奇。三个词都常与完成时连用。
【例】 （1）Have you had your lunch yet?
你已吃过中饭了吗？
（2）They’re still working hard.
他们仍然努力地工作。
（3）They haven’t finished their homework yet.
他们还没有完成家庭作业。
（4）Our visitors have come already.
宾已到。
（5）Have you already had breakfast?
难道你吃过早饭了吗？
（6）You’re not leaving us already, are you?
你不会就要离开我们吧，是不是？
2． Have you turned off your radio?
你关掉收音机了吗？
turn off是切断电的意思，它的反义词是turn on。
【例】 （1）His mother told him to turn off TV and do his homework.
他母亲叫他关掉电视去做作业。
（2）He turned on the radio as soon as he got home.
他一到家就打开收音机。
3． I have so many chores to do today.
我今天有太多的杂活要做。
so many“太多”，后跟可数名词的复数形式，so much“大多”后跟不可数名词。
【例】 （1）The students have so much homework to do every day.
学生们每天都有太多的家庭作业要做。
（2）The woman had so much sweet food that she became very fat.
那妇女甜食吃得太多，结果变得很胖。
（3）He said he had so many books to read.
他说他有太多的书要读。
（4）Her mother always has so many things to do.
她母亲总有太多的事要做。
4． …and do some shopping.
我要买东西。
do some shopping表示“购物”，do+v.-ing形式可以构成很多短语。
【例】 （1）He often does some reading in the evening.
他经常晚上看点书。
（2）She often helps her mother do some washing.
她常帮妈妈洗衣服。
（3）Do you do some cleaning on Sunday?
星期天你打扫卫生吗？
5． He started telling me about…
他告诉我有关……。
start, begin都表示“开始”，后可跟不定式或动名词作宾语。但主语不是指人而是指物时，谓语是进行时态时，宾语是感觉或心理活动时，最好用不定式。
【例】 （1）When Edison was twelve, he began/started selling newspapers on trains.
当爱迪生十二岁时，他就在火车上卖报。
（2）I’m starting to cook the dinner.
我在开始做饭。
（3）The ice began to melt.
冰开始融化。
（4）She started to wonder why a girl was not the same as a man.
她开始想要搞清女子与男子为什么不一样。
（5）I started to listen to the other students discuss social problems and soon I began to take part.
我开始听其他学生讨论社会问题，但很快我便开始加入。
6． In the past twelve months they’ve had three major concerts and made a hit CD．
在过去的十二个月里他们举行了三次大型演唱会，出了一盘火暴的CD。
for/in the past/last twelve months/years/days/etc.常与现在完成时态连用。
【例】 （1）For the past few days he has been ill.
几天他一直生病。
（2）She has been ill for the last three days.
这三个星期他在生病。
（3）In the past three years we have learned two thousand English words.
三年我们学了二千个英语单词。
7．…but we really hope to have a number one hit some day.
但我们真希望有一天会有一首轰动的。
hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，不能说hope sb. to do sth. 。some day指“（将）某一天”。
【例】 （1）We hope to see you again soon.
我希望很快见到你。
（2）She hopes to visit Wuhu some day.
她希望有一天能访问芜湖。
8． We are leaving in an hour.
我们一小时后动身。
本句是进行时态表示将，表示即将发生的动作或计划好的活动以及表示逐渐变化都可用进行时态表示将。表示将的一段时间之后用介词in，而不是after。
【例】 （1）Are you staying with us this weekend?
这个周末和我们一起过吗？
（2）He is dying.
他快死了。
（3）Our teacher will visit England in a month.
我们的老师一个月后访问英国。
9． So far, it has brought thousands of….
迄今为止已经带动成千上万的……。
so far= up to now=by now“到目前为止”常与现在完成时连用。
【例】 （1）So far, no man has travelled farther than the moon.
到目前为止还没有人到过比月球远的地方。
（2）I’ve written two thirds of this book so far.
到目前为止，我已完成这本书的三分之二了。
（3）The weather has been very hot so far this summer.
今年夏天到现在为止，一直很热。
10． They walk through the countryside.
他们走过了乡村。
through“穿过，通过”，有从空间或物体中间通过之意。across“横过”，有从物体表面通过之意。past“经过、路过”。
【例】 （1）He swam across the river the day before yesterday.
他前天游过了这条河。
（2）We walked past a bookstore.
我们路过了一家书店。
（3）A little girl was walking through a forest.
一个小女孩在穿过森林。

发散思维应用
典型例题1
Pass me my glasses, Tom. I can’t read the words in the newspaper.
A． hardly
B． really
C． rather
D． clearly
解析 答案：A 根据题意，这里须用表示否定意义的词，hardly的意思是“几乎不”，是一个含有否定意义的词，其他三个都不是否定含义的词，故答案是A。

典型例题2
He can finish the work easily.（用it作形式主语进行改写，每空一词）
for him finish the work.
解析 答案：It is easy, to 本题主要考查不定式的用法，不定式的动作发出者一般是句子的主语，但有时也不是，这时不定式常会带上自己的逻辑主语，它通常用for引出。
【题型发散】
发散1 选择填空
（ ）1． He hasn’t cleaned the bag yet.
A． out
B． up
C． down
D． off
（ ）2． He and his family lived the farm.
A． in
B． at
C． on
D． above
( )3． It’s her job clothes.
A． washing
B． to wash
C． washed
D． washes
( )4．—Which TV programme shall we ?
—I’ve no idea.
A． see
B． look
C． look at
D． watch
( )5． Will you please me a glass of milk?
A． past
B． pass
C． passed
D． to pass
解析 答案：1． A clean out是个固定的词组。
2． C 在农场用on, 而在工厂却用in。
3． B 不定式作主语，前面的it是形式主语。
4． D 看电视习惯上用watch。
5． B please后跟动词原形。
发散2 根据汉语完成下列各句
1． 他们下个月将在中央电视台演出。
They’re to CCTV next month.
2． 你的老师曾去听音乐会吗？
your teacher been a concert?
3． 对不起我不能尽快给你回复。
Sorry I couldn’t him.
4． 他喜欢说而我喜欢听他说。
He loves , and I love you sooner.
5． 学生们主要参观了安徽省的一些地区。
The students visit Anhui province.
解析 答案：1． going…appear(perform)on 2． Has…ever…to 3． get back to 4． talking…listening to 5． mainly…areas in
【转化发散】
请按要求改写下列各句，每空一词
1． The boy wanted a bit of milk to drink. （改为同义句）
The boy wanted milk to drink.
2． The problem is too hard for the pupils to work out. （用so…that…扩展为复合句）
The problem is hard the pupils work it out.
3． This hat costs twenty dollars. （对划线部分提问）
this hat cost?
4． These new clothes were made by herself. （改为主动语态）
these new clothes herself.
5． The suit cost so much that I didn’t buy it. （改为简单句）
The suit cost much for buy.
解析 答案：1． a little a little 修饰不可数名词时可与a bit of互用。
2． so…that…can’t too…to…构成的简单句可以用so…that…扩展为复合句。
3． How much does询问价格用how much，此句谓语动词加了“s”，该借用does。
4． She made被动改主动，首先是确定主语，再依据主语的人称和数，将谓语动词改为主动形式，注意时态不能改变。
5． too…me to so…that…引导的复合句可用too…to…改为简单句，注意对某人说太……而不……，用too…for sb. to do sth. 结构。
【正误发散】
下列各句均有一处错，找出并将序号填入题前括号内
( )1． The shoes cost so little that I bought it.
　　　　　　　　　　A　　　B　　　　C　　　　　　D
( )2． They are surprise to know that Lucy and Lily are twins.
　　　　　　　　　　A　　　　　B　　　　　　　　C　　　　　　D
( )3． y wife will go to her parents’ house the next month.
　　　　　　A　　　　　　　　B　　　　　C　　　　　　　D
( )4． We haven’t got any books on the history of England at that moment,
　　　　　　　　　A　　　　　　　　 B　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　C
I’m afraid.
　　　D
( )5． He is a quite popular doctor in the hospital.
　　　　　　　　　A　　　　B　　　　　　C　D
解析 答案:
1． D 买的鞋不能是单数, 用代词代替, 也必须用复数, 所以应将it改为them。
2． A 对……惊讶，常用be surprised to do (at)sth. 结构。
3． D 以现在为起点表示下个月应用next month, the next month一般与过去时态或过去将时态连用。
4． C 现在或此刻用at the moment, at that moment则表示在当时或就在那时。
5． A quite修饰作定语用的形容词前有a或 an时，quite习惯上放在冠词前，而very则放在冠词后。
【情景发散】
完成对话，每空一词
A: Hello! Where are you 1 , B?
B: Hello, A． I’m going to the doctor’s.
A: Oh, what’s 2 3 ?
B: I’m not 4 very well. I’ve 5 a headache.
A: Have you got a 6 ?
B: Yes, I have.
B: How 7 have you been 8 9 ?
A: Ever 10 last night.
A: Let me go 11 you at once and get some 12 .
B: Thank you. Let’s go .
解析 答案：1． going 2． your(the) 3． trouble(matter) 4． feeling 5． got 6． fever 7． long 8． like 9． this 10． since 11． with 12． edicine 做本对话时，须注意一些有关看病、身体状况的用语。

【综合发散】
完形填空
Fire can help people in many ways. But it can also be very harmful. Fire can keep your house 1 , give light and cook food. But fire can burn things, 2 . Big fire can burn trees, houses, animals or people.
Nobody knows how people began to use fire. But there are 3 interesting old stories about how a man or woman started a fire. One is 4 a man. The man 5 a very long time ago. He went up to the sun and 6 fire down.
Today people know how to make a fire with matches(火柴). Children sometimes 7 to play with them. But matches can be very dangerous. One match can burn a piece of paper, and 8 it could burn a house. A small fire can burn a big fire very quickly. So you 9 be careful with matches.
Be careful with fire, and it will 10 you. But if you aren’t careful with fire, and it may hurt you.

( )1． A． warmB． warmerC． coolD． cooler
( )2． A． alsoB． tooC． eitherD． neither
( )3． A． manyB． muchC． a littleD． no
( )4． A． overB． aboutC． of D． on
( )5． A． workedB． studiedC． learnD． lived
( )6． A． bringB． takeC． broughtD． took
( )7． A． enjoyB． likeC． don’t likeD． become
( )8． A． afterB． lateC． yetD． then
( )9． A． canB． mayC． willD． must
( )10． A． helpB． doC． tellD． hope

解析 通读全, 知道这是关于火的一段介绍。
1． A 这是没有比较的意思，所以不用比较级，火能加温而不是冷却，所以不用cool。
2． B 表示肯定不用either, neither，在句末不用also。
3． A stories是复数，不可能用no, a little, much作定语修饰不可数名词，这里中心词stories可数。
4． B 表示内容“关于”一般用about。
5． D 此处仅仅是说生活，而不强调学习和工作。
6． C “拿”用bring不用take。这是并列句, 动作与前一个动作went相承, 所以也用过去形式bought。
7． B 显然强调喜欢，后边接动词不定式用enjoy不合适。
8． D 表示动作上紧相连，前边又有连词and，所以只能用副词then，而不用连词after和形容词late，yet意思与句子不吻合。
9． D 这里强调必要性，所以情态动词用must。
10． A 虽然都是及物动词，但意义上只有help可以与you搭配。

单元小结
本单元是就如何谈论现在的事为主线，重点强调现在完成时态与现在的关系，现在完成时态与副词的关系，尤其是already和yet的用法。本单元还学了一些常用的词语和习惯性用法，在复习现在完成时的基础上，还介绍了一般将时，特别是部分行为动词能用进行时态替
将时。本单元介绍了“New Ocean Waves”乐队及他们的成长历程和风格。此外还述说了海外华人如何追根寻，表达的海外华人对祖国的怀念。在两篇介绍中出现了大量的定语从句，这样就要求我们熟练掌握定语从句的构成及用法。本单元还学了一些同义或近义的词语，如：through, across, past; because, because of等。

知识网络建构
进行时态表示其他意义
1）运动动词go, come, drive, fly, travel, arrive, leave, start, set off及表示位置的动词stay, remain等的进行时态可表示将，通常指没有确定安排的决定或计划。
【例】 （1）He is coming to New Jersey.
他打算到新泽西州。
（2）They are not going back to work until they get a rise.
他们要到加了薪水才复工。
注 现在这一使用范围已扩大到别的一些动词。表示最近将的确定安排，但往往有一个表示未的时间状语。
【例】 （1）I’m seeing my guest off at the station tomorro
明天我要到车站为客人送行。
（2）The court is hearing evidence this afternoon.
法庭今天下午听取证词。
2）频度副词always, constantly, continually, forever等和进行时态连用时，给现在或过去的动作披上一层感情色彩，并不强调动作正在进行。
【例】 （1）He is forever boasting.
他老爱说大话。（表示讨厌、不满、带有埋怨情绪，指责某人一贯表现）
（2）You are always doing well.
你总是干得不错。（表示赞许、高兴、带夸奖口吻，称赞对方一贯表现）
3）某些瞬间动词hit, jump, kick, knock, see等的进行时可表示动作的重复。
【例】 （1）The child was jumping with joy.
这孩子高兴得直跳。
（2）I’m seeing a lot of Joan at the library.
我常在图书馆看见琼。
4）用hope, find, want, wonder等的进行时态是一种婉转的说话语气，如是过去进行时形式则更显得客气、委婉。
【例】 （1）We are hoping you will get well soon.
我们希望你很快康复。
（2）What were you wanting?
您想要点什么吗？
在问到一段时间怎么度过，过去进行时要比一般过去时有礼貌。
【例】 What were you doing before you came here?
你这儿之前做些什么工作？（这比What did you do…？听起更有礼貌）
5）某些心态动词或情态动词的进行时表示“几乎”、“差一点”等含义，相当于nearly do/be on the point of doing…。
【例】 （1）I’m forgetting(=nearly forget) that I promised to take you to Shanghai.
我差一点忘了我曾答应过要带你去上海的。
（2）He was believing what the cheat said.
他差一点听信了那个骗子的话。
6）进行时还可以表示动作的暂时性，并不是说话时在进行的动作。
【例】y watch is working perfectly.
我的表走得很准。（强调手表目前走得准，如果是说：y watch works perfectly. 在于说明手表走得准这一优点）
状态动词be的进行时态（be being）后面接行为形容词，如brave, careful, stupid, clever,
foolish, polite, kind和shy等时为主语所表现的非一贯性特点或故意的行为。
【例】 （1）You are being very clever today.
你今天表现得很聪明。（表明这是例外）
（2）He is being polite.
他装模作样地客气起了。（故意行为）
7）进行时态可以表示动作发展的过程，可接时间状语从句，但不接具体时间状语。
【例】 （1）The wind was rising.
起风了。
（2）I think the cat’s going mad.
我想那只猫发疯了。
8）在一定场合和语气中，进行时态有否定意义。
【例】（1）You are telling me.
这事不用你说。（我早就知道了）
（2）You are wasting time!
别浪费时间了！（不耐烦了）
9）过去完成时还可表示到过去某段时间为止刚刚开始的动作。
【例】 By the time he was ten, Edison was already doing his experiment in Chemistry.
爱迪生十岁时，已经开始做化学实验了。
10）用于描绘字中，展现出生动的景象，或用描述故事发生的背景，此时须用过去进行时并和一般过去时（仅为叙述）连用。
【例】 One car after another is spending by on the freeway.
在高速公路上车子穿梭般地一辆接一辆飞驰而过。

新标新中考
1． 本单元固定的词组以及同义、近义词，如because与 because of; through, across与past等用法。
2． 现在完成时与时间状语，尤其是一些副词的用法与搭配关系。
3． hardly, so far等在中考中会出现。
4． 定语从句及其引导词。
5． 海外华人寻根的历程及其意义。

新题型新导向
【例1】根据汉语完成句子。
晚秋了，落叶遍地。
It’s late autumn. The ground with fallen leaves.
(2003年无锡市中考题)
赏析 答案：is covered be covered with是个词组，意思是“被……所覆盖”，是被动结构。
【例2】 After finishing your paper, look it over to there are no mistakes.
A． find out
B． try out
C． make sure
D． think about
(2003年黑龙江省中考题)
赏析 答案：C make sure 的意思是“务必，确保，确认”，后跟从句，that可省略，也可跟动词不定式，句型make sure to do sth. 。
【例3】 区别expect, hope和wish的用法。
1）expect表示“期待，盼望，预期”。
【例】 （1）I expect him every minute.
我每时每刻都盼望着他。
（2）Are you expecting a letter from home?
你在期盼家乡的信吗？
（3）They won the match just as I expected.
他们就像我预料的那样赢得了这场比赛。
（4）I expect that I shall be back on Sunday.
我预期星期天回。
2）hope 侧重于考虑，并相信有可能达到或实现的愿望。hope后面不能接名词或代词作宾语，可接从句或动词不定式。
【例】
（1）I hope to see you again.
我希望再次见到你。
（2）I hope you will have a good journey home.
我希望你回家的旅途愉快。
（3）I hope so.
但愿如此。
（4）Hope for the best, prepare for the worst.
作最好的打算，作最坏的准备。
3）wish, 常接名词、代词或不定式作宾语。后面接宾语从句时，从句用过去时或过去完成时，用表示不能实现的愿望。wish也可用于祝贺语中。
【例】（1）We wish to visit the Great Wall.
我希望能参观长城。
（2）I wish you healthy.
我希望你健康。
（3）He wishes them to come to dinner.
他希望他们能赴宴。
（4）Best wishes for your birthday.
给你生日最好的祝愿。
（5）I wish I were a bird.
我巴不得是一只鸟。
（6）I wish I had bought the house.
我恨不得买下这座房子。
【例4】as的用法。
1）作连词表示程度相同时用as…as, 表示程度不相同时用not as/so…as。
【例】 （1）The cloth is as white as sno
布像雪一样白。
（2）He ran as fast as possible.
他尽可能快地跑。
（3）He isn’t as friendly as you think.
他不像你想像的那样友好。
（4）He can’t sing so well as his sister.
他唱得不如他妹妹好。
2）作连词时意为“如同，像，按照。”
【例】 （1）I work as others do.
我跟别人一样工作。
（2）I remember it as it happened yesterday.
我一想起这事，仿佛就像昨天发生的一样。
（3）Do as I told you.
照我说的做。
3）作连词时意为“一面……一面”，相当于while, when。
【例】（1）He came up as I was speaking.
我正要说话，他过了。
（2）The dogs would go with him in his car every day as he went to the farms to heal sick animals.
当每天他坐着车去农场给动物治病的时候，狗总是愿意和他一起去。
（3）She sang as she walked.
她边走边唱。
4）作连词时意为“因为”，但比because, for语气轻。
【例】 （1）As he loved animals, he continued his education.
由于喜欢动物，所以他继续他的学业。
（2）Everyone likes him as he is kind and honest.
由于他善良诚实，所以人人喜欢他。
5)作介词时，表示“作为，当作”。
【例】（1）They had their pets as their family members.
他们把宠物当作家庭成员。
（2）English is used as a communication tool.
英语被当作一种交际工具使用。

【同步达纲练习】
巩固基础训练
Ⅰ. 根据首字母和英解释写出单词
1． s a set of outer clothes which match, usually including jacket with trousers or skirt
2． w give water to
3． w stuff of a tree
4． v a place smaller than a town
5． f a place for growing foods, plants and keeping animals
6． m someone who is in a group, society, etc.
7． l at the end; after all other
8． a to become visible
9． m not to hit or not to catch something
10． s to make a thorough examination of; look over carefully
Ⅱ. 选择填空
( )1． He hasn’t looked the garage .
A． yet
B． too
C． either
D． already
( )2． She is going to do it a minute.
A． in
B． after
C． during
D． within
( )3． He had to early and read English.
A． get to
B． get off
C． get up
D． get down
( )4． So far, they five Japanese songs.
A． learned
B． had learned
C． have learned
D． learn
( )5． Are they all Canada?
A． come from
B． came from
C． come to
D． from
( )6． The wind blew into the room the broken windo
A． across
B． from
C． out of
D． through
( )7． They spent hours TV last night.
A． to watch
B． watching
C． seeing
D． reading
( )8． He feels like he something that wasn’t important to him before.
A． did
B． has done
C． does
D． is done
( )9． I never the things in it any more.
A． uses
B． use
C． to use
D． using
( )10． any old people are moved by his words.
A． deeped
B． deep
C． deeping
D． deeply
Ⅲ. 按要求完成下列各句
1． We often use a recorder in our English class. (改为被动语态)
A recorder in our English class.
2． This kind of computer is made in Japan. (对划线部分提问)
this kind of computer ?
3． These flowers are taken good care of by my grandpa. (改为主动语态)
good care of these flowers.
4． I hope that I’ll get my tickets as early as I can. (改写句子, 句意不变)
I hope my tickets as early .
5． She left home two days ago. (改为现在完成时)
She has for two days.
Ⅳ. 根据图示和上下内容完成对话

A: Excuse me. Would you please tell me the 1 the Children’s Hospital?
B: Certainly. Go along the street, and 2 at the second crossing. You’ll see a white building between Wuyi Bookshop and 3 . The white building is the hospital. You won’t miss it.
A: 4 very much. By the way, 5 will it take me to get there by bike?
B: About half an hour.
A: O. Good-bye.
Ⅴ. 根据句意填介词
1． y sister went to school a blue skirt this afternoon.
2． What happened ary? She is crying.
3． The village is about two kilometres .
4． They filled the bottle a lot of milk.
5． They tried to stop such a thing happening.

提高能力测试
Ⅰ. 根据汉语完成下列各句
1． 他们说此行的目的是要搞清楚那些居住海外年轻华人怀疑他们自己的问题。
They say the purpose of the trip is that young Chinese abroad have about who they are.
2． 许多人以前从未到过中国，几乎不会说汉语。
ary China before and can speak any Chinese.
3． 她母亲的工作是照看小孩。
It’s her job the children.
4． 我们明天动身去北京。
We are Beijing tomorro
5． 他真希望能成为一名教师。
He a teacher.
Ⅱ. 选出能替换划线部分的选项
( )1． Did you ring me up yesterday afternoon?
A． write to me
B． wake me up
C． telephone me
D． call on me
( )2． They stopped talking when the teacher came in.
A． spoke and spoke
B． stopped to talk
C． went on talking
D． didn’t talk any more
( )3． The eight-year-old girl swims very well.
A． is very interested in swimming
B． likes swimming very much
C． is good at swimming
D． wants to swim
( )4． What a rainy day! It goes on and on for seven days.
A． starts
B． finishes
C． comes
D． lasts
( )5． The girl is in a blue skirt.
A． wears
B． puts on
C． has
D． have
Ⅲ. 完形填空
r White was riding a horse in the rain all the afternoon. When he reached a restaurant(饭馆)，he was all 1 and cold. He saw a 2 in the restaurant and many people 3 . He had an 4 . He called out to the waiter(侍者)，“ 5 some fish to my horse! ”The waiter answered, “Horses don’t eat fish. ”r White said, “ 6 my horse eats fish. ”The waiter did as r White told him. The people in the restaurant 7 very strange and ran out after the waiter . When all the people went out, r White sat down at the table 8 the fire. When the waiter and the people 9 , they said, “Your horse doesn’t want to eat the fish. ”r White answered, “Put the fish on the table 10 my horse doesn’t want it. I’ll eat it as soon as I warm up and dry out. ”

( )1． A． tiredB． hungryC． wet
( )2． A． fireB． picture C． table
( )3． A． sittingB． sit C． to sit
( )4． A． wayB． idea C． to fire
( )5． A． BringB． Have C． Take
( )6． A． And B． But C． Because
( )7． A． thoughtB． are C． felt
( )8． A． nearB． far away C． on
( )9． A． returned backB． came back C． looked around
( )10． A． whenB． if C． and

Ⅳ. 阅读理解
Do you know how to write an English letter?
When we write a letter in Chinese, we always put the date at the end of the letter. But it is different in English. We have to put it on the top of the right corner. And above the date, we also write the number of our house and the names of our street, city and country. To begin the letter, we always use words like“Dear sir”, “Dear r/iss/rs…”. To the end of the letter, we usually use words like “Yours, ” “Yours ever”or “Truly yours”.
It is also different to write an English envelope(信封). If you write to an Australian friend named Jane Shute, write your name and address on the top of the left
corner and write hers in the middle.
Now read the following envelope, please.

( )1． “We have to put it on the top of the right corner. ”The word “it”here means
.
A． the date
B． the letter
C． the envelope
D． the passage
( )1． From the passage, we knohen we write an English letter, we should put down our address .
A． at the end of the letter on the left
B． at the end of the letter on the right
C． at the top of the letter on the left
D． at the top of the letter on the right
( )3． How do you begin your letter if you write to Peter White?
A． Peter
B． r Peter
C． Dear r White
D． Dear Sir Peter
( )4． To what country will the letter be sent?
A． P. R. C
B． America
C． Australia
D． Sydney
( )5． Who writes this letter?
A． Zibo
B． Qin Ling
C． iss Shute
D． iss Jane

Ⅴ. 书面表达
仔细观察下图并通读短，然后按图中所示内容，用英语完成每个空格，每空只填一词。

any years ago, there was a man called John. He lived in a small house near a 1 , and there were some big trees 2 the house. One day, he 3 , “If I 4 the trees down, I can 5 a new house. ”And the next day, he did so.
A few days later, a nicer and 6 house was built, 7 one evening after he built his new house, there came a 8 wind, and it blew his new house over. r John didn’t know 9 it had happened. He said to himself, “If I hadn’t cut down the trees, I have had a small house to live in. But now a new house means 10 house to me. ”

【同步达纲练习】
巩固基础训练
Ⅰ. 1． suit 2． water 3． wood 4． village 5． farm 6． member 7． last 8． appear 9． miss 10． search
Ⅱ. 1． A 2． A 3． C 4． C 5． D 6． D 7． B 8． B 9． B 10． D
Ⅲ. 1． is often used 2． Where is…made 3． y grandpa takes 4． to get…as possible 5． been away from
Ⅳ. 1． way to 2． turn right 3． Yu Cai School 4． Thanks or Thank you 5． how long
Ⅴ. 1． in 2． to 3． away 4． with 5． from

提高能力测试
Ⅰ. 1． to clear any doubts 2． have never been to … hardly 3． mother’s…to look after 4． leaving for 5． hopes to be
Ⅱ. 1． C 2． D 3． C 4． D 5． A
Ⅲ. 1． C 2． A 3． A 4． B 5． C 6． B 7． C 8． A 9． B 10． B
Ⅳ. 1． A 2． D 3． C 4． C 5． B
Ⅴ. 1． river 2． around 3． thought 4． cut 5． build 6． bigger 7． but 8． strong 9． why 10． no

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