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语法之时态篇

编辑: 路逍遥 关键词: 英语学习方法 来源: 记忆方法网

时态


1、常用时态的形式:(以动词“study”为例)


时间:现在 过去 将来 过去将来


状态


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一般 study studied shall/will study should /would study


studies


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进行 am/is/are was/were shall/will be should/would be


studying studying studying studying


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完成 has/have had shall/will should/would


studied studied have studied have studied


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完成 has/have had been shall/will should/would


进行 been studying studying have been studying have been studying


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2、理解上表的要点:


1)、过去将来:表示过去某时看来将要发生的动作或情况。


2)、完成时与完成进行时的区别:完成进行时比完成时更强调动作的延续性。


E:He has been watching TV for three hours (强调他还要看下去)


He has been watched TV for three hours(不一定要看下去了)

 

 

3、某些时态的不同表示方式:


1)、表示将来发生的动作或情况的几种形式:


a. shll/will +动词原形


b. be going to do sth 常用来表示最近打算要做的事情或即将发生的事

c. be to do sth 表示按计划安排要做的事或要发生的事


d. be about to do sth 表示正要或即将要做的事


2)、现在完成时


a. 表示动作在过去某时发生并已经完成,且对现在有影响。常和以下时间状语连用:already / yet / before / recently / lately / often / rarely /once 等


E:The issue of "mercy killing"has recently boiled over into a fiere public debate in Europe


b. 表示动作始于过去,持续到现在,可能不将持续下去。常和表示一段时间的状语连用:for some time , for three years, since, so far , in the past few years, all this while.


E:During the past few years,the public has focued on AIDS.


c. 可以用在时间状语或条件状语丛句中,表示将来业已完成的动作。


E:We'll start at five o'clock if it has stopped snowing by then.


3)、注意点:现在完成时常用于下列句型:


a. It's/it will be the first /second ……time/day that……


b.This /That is the +形容词最高级


E1:It's the first time I have been to ShangHai


E2:This is the second letter I've written to you this year


E3:It's one of the most interesting books I have ever read


现在完成时不能与表示确定的过去时间连用:yesterday,in 2001,a few year ago等,这些状语一般只用在一般过去时。


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