英语语法重点、考点与难点（21）

英语语法错点大全·省略

1. 你能理解这个 if not, not. 吗

If the weather is fine, we will go. If ______, ______.

A. not, notB. no, noC. not, noD. no, not

此题应选A。这是一个省略句, 若补充完整应该是：

If the weather is fine, we will go. If the weatheris NOT fine, we will NOT go. 如果天气好, 我们就去, 若天气不好, 我们就不去。

该句的特点是：后句与前句的用词和句式完全相同, 只是前句为肯定, 后句为否定, 为了简洁起见, 将后句与前句相同部分省略, 只保留否定词 not。类似的例子(只保留否定词not)如：

1. —Can you repair it yourself? 你自己会修吗?

—I am afraid not. 恐怕不行。

(=I am afraid I can’t repair it myself. )

2. —Did you know anything about it? 这事你以前知道吗?

—Not until you told me. 你告诉我才知道。

(=I didn’t know anything about it until youtold me. )

3. —Will it rain today? 今天会下雨吗?

—I hope not. 希望不会。

(=I hope it will not rain today. )

2. 由连词if构成的省略

The books is well written and well printed. There are few, if ______, mistakes in it.

A. anyB. someC. otherD. another

此题应选A。这是一个省略句, 句中的if any＝if there are any(如果有任何错误的话)。

下面是一些由连词if构成的省略实例：

1. There is very little water, if any. 即使有水也不多了。

(if any=if there is any water)

2. Fill in the blanks with a, an, the, if necessary. 在必要的地方填上a, an, the。

(if necessary=if it is necessary)

3. Are you busy this afternoon? If not, I wish youwould go with me. 你今天下午忙吗?要是不忙, 我想请你同我一起去。

(if not=if you are not busy)

4. If possible, I should like to have two copiesof it. 可能的话我希望有两本。

(if possible=if it is possible)

5. If not well managed, irrigation can be harmful. 要是管理不善, 灌溉还可能会有害。

(if not well managed=if it’s not well managed)

6. If convenient to you I will come to see you this evening. 要是你方便的话, 我今晚来看你。

(if convenient to you=if it is convenient to you)

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