教学目标
一、教学目标与要求
通过本单元教学，应能熟练地运用表示“提供和拒绝帮助”的常用语;句子的成分——主语;了解纽约的发展和土著人被压迫的。
二、教学重点与难点
1.重点词汇
1. a handful of 2. tear down 3. turn away 4. now that引导状语从句 5. take possession of 6. have an effect on 7. make agreements with 8. become know as… 9. deal with 10. in turn 11. in the rush
2.重点句型
1)Today Native Americans express their anger over this business deal.
2)This is because the surface of the earth is not flat but round.
3)Now that they could ride horses, it became easier to hunt the bison.
4)This in return had an effect on the food supply for wolves.
3. 复习和归纳句子的成分——主语
1)The first settlers on the plains were farmers.
2)The killing of the bison changed the whole wild life of the plains.
3)Whether he will come or not is unknown.
4)To see is to believe.
5)The learned should be respected.
教学建议
教学教法：
进入高三下学期的，基本进入了全面备考状态。北京特级张铁城有如下建议：
1. 对近年题精耕细作，反对盲目的题海战术。
2. 不要单纯背词汇表，要把词汇与语法结合起来，要在具体语篇中词汇。
3. 要多读多题材的阅读文，特别是现代生活中的热点问题。
4. 要增加听力训练的力度，充分利用高三课本资源。
词语辨析：
1.By 1820 the population of New York had grown to about 125 000, making it the largest city in the USA.
making it the largest city in the USA是分词短语作结果状语。动词make 意为“使成为”，接名词或形容词构成复合结构。如：
The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus causing the delay.
Her husband died in the war, making her a widow with three children
2.In 1858 an area of poor housing, factories and farm buildings was torn down and Central Park was created, reaching from 59th Street to 110th Street and across three avenues.
1)tear(tore，tom)是动词，意为“撕开，扯掉”。短语动词 tear down，意为“撕下，拆毁”。如：
tear down a notice 撕下一张通知
tear down a dangerous wall 拆毁一道危墙
2)reach作“延伸”解。reaching from 59th Street. . . and across three avenues是现在分词作定语，修饰Central Park，相当于一个定语从句。
①现在分词作后置定语相当于限制性定语从句，表示主动的动作或动作正在进行。
Anyone swimming will be punished.
The road joining the two villages is very wide.连接这两个村子的路非常宽。
③现在分词的被动语态作后置定语(既表示被动，也表示动作正在进行)
The question being discussed is very important.
Do you know the boy being punished by our teacher?
3.In 1892 the age of mass arrival began, during which 15 million new people passed through Ellis into the USA. over a period of 62 years.
1)mass是名词，意为“大量，大批”，mass arrival是名词修饰名词，mass作定语。英语中名词修饰名词是常有的现象。如：
head teacher express train快车
news broadcast 广播 welcome speech 欢迎词
time table时间表 orange juice 橘子汁
press conference 记者招待会 research project研究计划
power plant电厂 weather forecast天气预报
2)pass through为固定短语，含义为“穿过，通过，路过”，其中 through既可当介词用，也可当副词用。如：
He passed through unspeakable difficulties.
We're just passing through on our way to Shanghai
4.now that，due to，because of，owing to，since，as
1)now that.作“既然”时相当于since.突出事实性，而as作“既然”语气较弱。有时now that中的that可省去。如：
Now(that)you are well again，you can travel.你既然恢复了，就能够旅行了。
2)due to作“由于，因为，应归功于”时常作表语或跟在名词后。如：
The flight was cancelled due to the storm.班机因暴风雨停航了。
3)because of“由于，因为”只能引导副词短语，在句中作状语或表语。如：
Lincoln is admired because of his leadership.林肯由于出色的领导而受到人们的赞赏。
4)owing to“由于，因为”常在现代英语中与 because of，due to换用。如：
Owing to unfavourable weather，I was unable to carry on with it.由于天气不好。我不能把它进行下去。
Lesson 49教学设计方案(一)
StepI:Reading comprehension:
I) Fast Reading: Search for answers within 2 minutes.
1. Why Ellis Island became known as the “Island of Tears”?
2.Why New York is safe to build very tall buildings.
II)Reading comprehension:Finish Exs1 of page193.
III)Use a word to summarize each paragraph.
Paragraph1: location
Paragraph2: parks
Paragraph3: Island of Tears
Paragraph4: buildings
Paragraph5: New York never sleep
StepII.Listening practice.(Close their books.listen each paragraph and answer questions
附：作为高考听力训练。为教师提供了全部内容，教师可酌情选用)
Paragraph1:
1.Who and when were the islands discovered?(1524, an Italian explorer)
2.How much did the island of Manhattan cost when it was bought from local Indians?
(a handful of goods.)
Paragraph2:
1. When did New York became the largest city in the USA?(1820)
2.What did Central Park include?(space for summer picnic,open air concerts,plays and games;
a zoo, an art museum, a boating lake ,a small lake…)
Paragraph3:
1.What began in 1892?
2.What kind of museum is Ellis Island today?
3.How many people were turned away?
4.What kind of tests did the people have to pass through?
Paragraph4:
1.Which tall building was completed in 1931?
2.How many storeys did the World Trade Center have?
Paragraph5:
1.Why can we say “New York never sleeps”?
2.Why did some people dislike the city?
StepIII.Language points:(使学生在语境中体会词汇的意义及用法。并可提高上课)
I) Read the passage in details and pay enough attention to the Language.
II) Close their books and fill in the blanks.
Paragraph1:
In 1626 the island of Manhattan was bought from local Indians, Native Americans, for a handful of goods worth about $24. Today Native Americans express their anger over this business deal.
Paragrph2:
In 1858 an area of poor housing, factories and farm buildings was torn down and Central Park was created, reaching from 59th Street to 110th Street.
Paragraph3:
In 1892 the age of mass arrivals began, during which 15 million new people passed through Ellis Island into the USA over a period of 62 years.Today Ellis Island is a museum, showing the roots of America’s new citizens, who came from all the corners of the earth.
Paragraph4:
The twin towers are 110 storeys high, but high-speed lifts controlled by computer take only a minute to reach the top.
But unfortunately the twin towers were destroyed by terrorist attacks on Septimber 11th,2001.
Paragrah5:
New York never sleeps. The underground railway runs 24 hours a day, and there are all-night cinemas,bars and restaurants. Some people think that the weather is unpleasant,the city ugly and dirty, the competition fierce and the streets unsafe.It is a city in a hurrry, but a very exciting place to be.
B.Language points:
1.It is a city in a hurrry, but a very exciting place to be
现在分词和过去分词在意义上不同。一般说来，现在分词表示主动的意义，过去分词表示被动的意义。
试比较：
1)an exciting game:一场激动人心的球赛(球赛使人激动)
excited spectators 激动的观众。(观众被激动)
2)a moving film:一个动人的影片(影片使人感动)
a moved audience.一常被感动了的观众。(观众被感动)
2.the competition fierce and the streets unsafe.
1) violent and angry: fierce dog,winds,attacks
have a fierce look.
2)intense: fierce concentration
3)unpleasantly or uncontrolled strong: fierce heat.
His plan met with fierce opposition.
3. In 1626 the island of Manhattan was bought from local Indians, Native Americans, for a handful of goods worth about $24. Today Native Americans express their anger over this business deal.
A.worth:adj 形容词 be worth:动词
英语的一个简单句中必须要有一个动词，be worth做动词时不能漏掉be. 而worth做形容词修饰名词的用法，老师们要提起注意，也许会成为高考的考点。
I paid only $4000 for this used car but it’s worth a lot more.
B.deal: n.名词agreement,esp in business. 协议，交易。
They both wanted to use the car, so they did a deal.(=reach a compromise)
It’s a deal.(=I agree to your terms.我同意你的条件)
StepIV.Writing a composition:
The fierce wars between the new settlers and the local Indians broke out.Settlers made agreements with Native Americans chiefs but always broke them afterwards.At last, they came to a deal: The Native Americans were forced onto the poor land that the settlers did not want.
Passage 2:
To our surprise,the island of Manhattan was bought from local Indians for a handful of goods worth about $24. Even today Native Americans express their anger over this business deal.In 1858 an area of poor housing was torn down and Central Park was created.
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