常考词的语法与用法：conclude, condition, congratulate

◆conclude v.

1. 表示“结束”，可用作及物或不及物动词，表示以某种方式结束通常用介词 with, by 等。如：

He has concluded his research. 他已完成了他的研究工作。

He concluded his talk with a funny story. 他以一个有趣的故事结束讲话。

He concluded by giving us some advice. 他结束时给我们提了些建议。

2. 表示“断定”或“推出”，是及物动词，但通常只接 that 从句或不定式的复合结构(且不定式只能是 to be 型)作宾语，通常不接简单宾语，也不用于进行时态。如：

我们断定是他错了。

正：We concluded that he was wrong.

正：We concluded him to be wrong.

我断定他一定是出事了。

正：I concluded that he must have met with an accident.

误：I concluded him to have met with an accident.

3. 表示“决定”，其后通常接不定式或 that 从句。如：

We concluded to wait for fair weather. /We concluded that

we would wait for fair weather. 我们决定等待好天气。

4. 期刊杂志等在连载文章时，表示“待续”用 to be continued, 表示“下期续完”用 to be concluded, 表示“全部载完”则通常用 concluded。

◆condition n.

1. 表示“情况”、“环境”时，通常用复数形式。如：

Economic conditions were very bad. 经济情况非常糟糕。

We are interested in working conditions in Africa. 我们对非洲的工作环境感兴趣。

表示“在……情况或环境下”，通常用介词 in, under。如：

in [under] war conditions 在战争环境中

in [under] favourable conditions 在有利形势下

2. 用于“on [upon] condition that＋从句”，表示“如果”、“只要”、“在……条件下”。如：

I’ll come on condition (that) she is invited too. 如果她也受到邀请，那我就来。

He can use the bicycle upon condition that he return(s)

it tomorrow. 自行车可以借给他，条件是明天必须归还。

◆congratulate v.

表示“祝贺”，通常用于 congratulate sb on [upon] sth, 其意为“因为某事而祝贺某人”(注意用介词on/upon)。如：

I congratulate you on your success. 我祝贺你的成功。

He congratulated us on getting married. 他祝贺我们结婚大喜。

有时接反身代词作宾语。如：

You can congratulate yourself on having done a good job. 你的工作干得出色，你应该感到自豪。

但是一般不说：I congratulate your success.

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