2012届高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义精品荟萃外研版必修五odule 3
知识详解
1.account　n．　叙述；描写；报道；账单，账户
v．　说明，解释
(回归本P21)a true account of the past 对过去的真实描述
12
【归纳总结】
【例句探】
①The two accounts of the accident do not agree.
有关这次事的两篇报道不一致。
②We delayed our departure on account of the bad weather.
由于天气不好，我们将启程的时间推迟了。
③We should also take account of difficulties.
我们也应该考虑到困难。
④(朗P13)On no account must you tell him about our plans.
你决不能把我们的计划告诉他。
⑤We had to account to our boss for every penny we spent.
我们得向老板交代清楚我们花的每一分钱。
【即境活用】
1.(四川遂宁四校模拟)Linda gave us a vivid ________ of her trip to ount Lushan after her return.
A．account　　　　　　B．explanation
C．imagination D．direction
解析：选A。考查名词辨析。account叙述，描写；explanation解释；imagination想像力；direction方向，指导，结合语境，此处应用account。
2．(潍坊市模拟)She was told to wear flat shoes ________ her back problem.
A．on account of B．regardless of
C．in terms of D．in case of
解析：选A。考查介词短语。“由于她腰部有伤，被告知要穿平底鞋。”in terms of“在……方面，从……方面说”；regardless of“不管，不顾”；in case of“以免”。
2.disturb　vt.　弄乱；打乱；打扰；扰乱
vi.　扰乱
(回归本P25)“Who is it disturbing me at this time of night？”said the captain.“深更半夜的是谁在打扰我？”船长问。
【归纳总结】
【例句探】
①I heard you talking and I didn’t like to disturb you，so I went away.
我听见你们在谈话，觉得不该打扰你们，就走开了。
②The host was quite annoyed when he found out that his books on the bookshelves had been disturbed.
主人发现他书架上的书被弄乱了，很是生气。
③A light wind disturbed the surface of the pond.
微风使池塘水面泛起涟漪。
【易混辨析】
disturb，interrupt
(1)disturb指扰乱，搅乱，妨碍，干扰，还可表示使烦恼，使焦虑等。
(2)interrupt指插嘴，中断、打断(别人的讲话或行动等)。
①We have to interrupt you，because your speech has gone beyond the time limit.
②Cutting down rainforests disturbs the Earth’s balance.
【即境活用】
3.(潍坊市二模)The quick rise in the price of food will make people ________，that is，affect people’s living standard.
A．disturbed　　　　　　　B．fascinated
C．distinguished D．interrupted
解析：选A。考查动词辨析。句意“食品价格的快速增长使人们焦虑不安，也就是说影响了人们的生活水平。”fascinated“入迷的”；distinguished“卓越的”；interrupted“中断的”。
4．She opened the door quietly so as not to ________the sleeping child.
A．interrupt B．bother
C．disturb D．annoy
解析：选C。句意是：她轻轻地开门，以免惊扰了睡着的孩子。此句要用disturb表示“扰乱”。interrupt打断；bother和annoy都指“使某人烦恼”。
3.warn　vt.　警告，告诫；预告，提醒
(回归本P29)“ark Twain”，which means “watermark two”，was a call used by sailors on the ississippi to warn shipmates that they were coming into shalloater.
“马克•吐温”的意思是“水深二英尺”，这是密西西比河上的水手们使用的口号，用警告正在进入浅水区(安全通行)的同船水手们。
【归纳总结】
【例句探】
①The leader warned us of the serious situation.
领导警告我们面临的严峻形势。
②I warn you against that man.He is lying.
我劝你对那人提防点，他在撒谎。
③Can you warn your mother you’re going to be back late?
你能否事先告诉你妈妈说你准备晚点回去？
④He warned Billy to keep away from his daughter.
他警告比利离他女儿远点。
⑤(牛津P2265)She was warned that if she did it again she would lose her job.
她被警告说如果她再这样做就会丢掉工作。
【即境活用】
5．I ________ her not to walk on the thin ice but she woundn’t listen.
A．suggested　　　　　　B．hoped
C．warned D．persuaded
解析：选C。句意“我警告她不要在薄冰上行走，可她就是不听。”suggest和hope都不能跟to do作宾补，而persuade表示“说服”，这和本句后面的语境不吻合。
6.The weather station ________ that a hurricane was coming.
A．expected B．advised
C．warned D．persuaded
解析：选C。句意：气象台预告一场飓风即将临。A项“期待”；B项“建议”；D项“劝说”，均不符合句意。
4.make up　编造；组成；占；和解；化妆，化装；补足，凑足；整理，收拾
(回归本P25)I decided to go to the next village and make up a story about the steamboat.
我决定去下一个村子去编造一个关于汽船的故事。
【归纳总结】
【例句探】
①Saying you’re sorry won’t make up the damage of breaking the vase.光说对不起补偿不了你打破花瓶的损失。
②It is common that girls make up in public.
女孩子在公共场所化妆是很普遍的事。
③The sky and sea make up a harmonious picture.
天空和大海构成一幅和谐的画面。
④We need another player to make up the team.
我们还需一位队员才能组成一支球队。
⑤Do remember to make up your bed before you leave.
千万要记得在你离开之前整理好床铺。
⑥ary and Joan quarrelled，but made up after a while.
玛丽和琼吵架了，但过了一会儿就和解了。
⑦Society is made up of people of widely differing abilities.
社会是由能力迥异的人组成的。
【即境活用】
7.Don’t ________ any excuse for your failing in the exam this time.We won’t believe you.
A．put up　　　　　　B．show up
C．make up D．keep up
解析：选C。句意：不要为这次考试不及格找借口，我们不会相信的。此句要用make up表示“编造(借口)”。put up举起；支起；show up出现；keep up保持。
8．(江苏启东中学)Without my glasses，I couldn’t ________ whether that figure on the blackboard was a three or an eight.
A．make out B．make up
C．make for D．make off
解析：选A。make out“辨认，看出，理解，明白；开列(单子、账单等)”的意思；make up“构成，编造，和解，弥补，化妆”，make for“向．..走去；有助于”，make off“逃掉跑掉”。
5.set off　出发，启程(＝set out，set forth)；使爆炸；引起(突发的动作)；导致(突然的活动)
(回归本P29)He left school early，and as an adolescent，determined to make his fortune in South America，set off from his home in Hannibal，issouri，for New Orleans.
他很早离开学校，青少年的时候，怀着到南美发财致富的决心，从密苏里州的汉尼拨出发去新奥尔良。
【归纳总结】
【例句探】
①The old man wanted to set off early in order to avoid the traffic jam.那位老人想早点出发以避开交通堵塞。
②Do be careful with those fireworks；the slightest spark could set them off.
千万要小心这些烟火，稍有火星就能引起爆炸。
③Her jokes always set me off laughing.
她的笑话总是把我逗得哈哈大笑。
【即境活用】
9．(湖北六校联考)The moment we heard the news of the earthquake，we began to ________ the work to rescue those trapped in the building.
A．set off　　　　　 B．set down
C．set aside D．set about
解析：选D。句意“我们一听到地震的消息，就开始着手救援那些困在建筑物里的人员的工作。”set about(doing)sth.着手做某事。
10.(河北石家庄高中毕业班模拟)After the meeting，I ________ to write a report on our next term’s work.
A．set about B．set aside
C．set out D．set off
解析：选C。set out和set about都有“开始，着手”的意思，set out后跟不定式，set about后跟v.-ing形式作宾语。
句型梳理
1.【教材原句】　It looks as if it’ll go under soon...(P22)
看起好像很快就要下沉了……
【句法分析】　此处as if引导的从句为表语从句。as if还可引导方式状语从句。因从句中动作发生的可能性较大，故用陈述语气。
①We have missed the bus，it looks as if we’ll have to walk.
我们错过了公共汽车，看我们得步行了。
②It looks as if you had a good time in Qingdao.
看起你在青岛好像玩得很高兴。
③andy felt as if they were all ganging up on her.
曼迪觉得他们好像在合伙对付她。
【归纳总结】
as if引导从句用虚拟语气的情况：
当说话者认为句子所陈述的是不真实的或没有可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气，形式如下：
(1)从句动词在时间上与主句动词同时发生，从句动词用过去时。
(2)从句动词在时间上比主句动词早发生，从句动词用had done。
(3)从句动词在时间上比主句动词晚发生，从句动词用would/could/might＋do。
④She loves the little boy as if he were her own child.
她像母亲一样爱这个小男孩。
⑤He acted as if he had never done such a foolish thing.
他装得好像从没有做过这种傻事。
【即境活用】
11.________ we move the picture over there？Do you think it will look better?
A．If only　　　　　　B．What if
C．As if D．Even if
解析：选B。考查常用短语的辨析。if only 但愿，要是……就好了；what if倘若……将会怎样；as if好像；even if即使。根据题意，B项符合。
12．Though they met for the first time，they talked ________ they were good friends.
A．even if B．as if
C．even though D．if only
解析：选B。even if/though“即使”；as if“好像”；if only“但愿”。句意：尽管他们第一次见面，但是他们谈起像好朋友似的。所以B项为正确答案。
2.【教材原句】　He arrived in New Orleans without a penny in his pocket only to find that there were no boats for South America.(P29)
他身无分地到新奥尔良时，却发现那里没有开往南美洲的船了。
【句法分析】　在本句中only to find...是不定式结构作结果状语的用法。另外，不定式结构所引导的结果状语常表示出人意料的结果，而v.-ing形式所引导的结果状语常表达自然结果。
①I hurried to the station，only to find that the train had left.
我匆匆忙忙赶到车站，结果发现火车已开走了。
②The man hurriedly returned home，only to find he had left his key in the office.
这个人匆匆忙忙地回到家，结果发现他把钥匙落在办公室里了。
③She turned up the drive way，only to find her way blocked.她开上汽车道，不料发现路已被堵。
④The fire lasted nearly a month，only leaving nothing valuable.大火持续了近一个月，几乎没剩下什么有价值的东西。
【即境活用】
13．For nearly three hours we waited for the decision，only ________ to come again the next day.
A．to tell　　　　　　B．telling
C．to be told D．being told
解析：选C。句意：将近三个小时我们在等待决定，结果被告知第二天再。only to do sth.表示出乎意料的结果，而且逻辑主语we与tell之间是被动关系，所以应用C。
14.The boy’s parents have gone to Guangzhou to see his grandpa，________ him alone at home.
A．left B．to leave
C．leaving D．having left
解析：选C。从句子结构上看，逗号后部分应为状语，从而排除A项，父母离开在先，把他留在家里在后，从而排除D项。句意：男孩的父母都去广州看望他爷爷了，把他一个人留在家里。由句意可知把他留在家里是自然结果，并非出乎意料。因此应选C项。


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