2014年英语高考增加了一个新题型，也就是根据文章意思，把方块中适当的词填入空白，这种题型类似于过去的完形填空，但也有些差别。完形填空是四个中词选一个，而方块选词填空是从一些词当中，可能是十二个中选取十个，分别填入空白。对这种新的题型我们该怎么做呢？有什么技巧呢？既然设计这种题型的目的是测试学生阅读理解的水平，所以要提高成绩首先还是要加强平时的阅读训练，提高英语的阅读能力。但另外一方面，做这类题目还是有些技巧的，我想就这问题提供一些解题技巧供学生参考。
首先要把文章通读一遍，初步了解文章的大致内容。然后根据空格上下文的意思确定一个意义与逻辑同上下文都通的词。与此同时，非常重要的一条经验是必须从语法上判断这句子空格所需要的词是什么词性，所缺的是谓语动词还是缺主语名词，是修饰名词的形容词还是修饰动词的副词，这不但有助于选出正确的词而且能节约时间。试看下例：
A.environment
B.necessarily
C.allowed
D.cheated
E.international
F.admitted
G.hardly
H.necessary
I.joy
J.excitement
K.difficulty
L.cnmunication
A relative of mine once asked me:" Why should a Chinese take time to learn a language that is not hiso wn?" Obviously he has ___1____in learning a foreign language. He is not the only one who is mentally against English learnning. One reason, as I suspect, is the way English is taught. The emphasis on memorization is such that no ___2____is left in the 高三 process, only endless irritation. What students are presented in the classroon is not the language in real-world ___3____. A Chinese student with extremely high scores for American standardized tests was ___4____ into one of the most famous unversities. But his professors soon found out that he could___5____ understand the min the classroon. Suspecting tha the___6____in the tests, the school demanded he repeat them. Again, he passed with high scores. Not till then did they realise that the student had mastered the techniques for dealing with the tests, not___7____the skills of using the language.
Many people take TOFEL, IELTS, GRE, annual Band 4 and Band 6 exams not because they work in areas where English is a____8____tool,but because they have to do it for job promotion or enrolment in certain programmes.
Must English learnning be such a pain in the neck?
Create a(n)___9____ where learning English is natura land painless. Don't make it compulsory for people whose work or major does not require it. China will not become more___10___ by adding millions of people who can only say a simple"Hello."
第一空，是在动词has后缺宾语名词，虽然有四个名词，但只有difficulty,有句型have difficulty in doing,故选difficulty。然后在difficulty的K处用铅笔作个很小的记号，表示已用过了(以后都是这样，把用过的词作个很小的记号)。第二空，在no后面只可能用名词，在余下的三个名词中，从意思上判断只可能是joy,意思是在这个过程中没有设么快乐可言。第三空，是在复合形容词real-world(真实世界的)后，所以还是选名词，只有两个名词，二选一，那当然是communication(交流)。第四空，与介词搭配的应是动词，有了was，那应该是动词的过去分词，从意思上判断是“被”，故选admitted。第五空，是在could understand之间，那只能填副词，两选一，当然是hardly，意思是“几乎不能理解”。第六空，句子中缺动词谓语，二选一应该是cheated,意思是“在测试中作弊”。第七空，再把整句念了一遍，发现语法正确，不填词也通，那就可断定在这空格中只能填副词了，也只余下只有一个necessarily副词了,后半句的意思是“而并非一定是使用语言的技能了。”第八空，是在名词前，需要形容词，那只有nesessary意思是“英语是必要的工具”。第九空，在冠词后肯定是填名词，故选environment(环境)，意思是“创造一个学英语很自然而又没有痛苦的环境”。第十孔，在系动词become后，通常接形容词，故选international,意思是“增加了数百万中国人会说简单的‘你好’，中国就并非会变得更加国际化。”
所以，看懂了文章，又考虑到在句子中这空格所需要填入词的词性，那这类练习还是比较容易做的。
作者： □普陀区学科带头人萧心为
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