高考英语易错点:非谓语动词中的易错点
非谓语与其逻辑主语(即动作的执行者或承受者)之间有三种关系,如为主谓关系,则用现在分词或不定式的主动式;如为被动关系则用过去分词、现在分词的被动(强调动作正在进行)或不定式的被动式(动作将进行);如既无主动也无被动关系则只能用状语从句或独立主格结构(即非谓语加上自己的逻辑主语)。
Judging/considering/genrally speaking/supposing 指说话者的动作,故只用主动式。如:
Having been ill in bed for nearly a month , he had a hard time passing the exam.
解析:从这个句子可以看出,句词的逻辑主语与句子的主语he一致,并且是主谓关系,所以用了现在的分词作状语,同时,分词的动作明显地发生在句子的谓语动词动作之前,故采用了现代分词的完成式。
In order to improve English , ________.
A. Jenny’s father bought her a lot of tapes.
B. Jenny’s father bought a lot of tapes for herself.
C. A lot of tapes were bought by Jenny.
D. A lot of tapes were bought by Jenny father.
解析:根据不定式短语我们可以推知,句子的逻辑主语应该是人而不是物,所以,应该排除CD,再就是应该是Jenny提高自己的英语,而不是她爸爸,故答案先B.
———,we decided to go out for a walk.
A. It is fine B. It fine C. Being fine D.It being fine
解析:主句主语we与动词短语be fine之间既无主动关系与无被动关系,所以要加上自己的逻辑主语It,由于不存在主、被动关系,故不能选C项,而应该选D 项。
————more attention, the trees could have grown better.
A. Given B.To give C.Giving D. Having giving
解析:give与主句的主语之间是被动关系,故选A.如为主动关系则选C.
易出错的问题一般都是学生在学习中对知识理解不深刻或能力欠缺的地方,应及时纠错和建立“错题档案”,还应“借题发挥”,有意地把一些易错题予以归类,找出错误根源,总结规律。
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